Biology subjects

Goel, V.

Publications and source records attributed to Goel, V..

5 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

Pelvic Ring Fractures: Does Spinopelvic Alignment Affect Sacral and Lumbopelvic Fixation Stability?

Background ContextPelvic ring is a complex boney and ligamentous complex and its structural integrity is paramount to be able to withstand the high forces. Pelvic ring fractures, which can result from low-energy impacts or high-velocity injuries and falls from great heights, can severely impair the structural integrity of the pelvic ring. These injuries can be fatal, especially in geriatric patients, with mortality rates ranging between 10% and 16%. Pelvic ring injuries require immediate stabilization, typically performed through internal fixation, to maintain circulatory balance and achieve anatomical restoration of the pelvis. MethodsA previously validated FE model of the spine, pelvis, and femur model was used to evaluate how different fixation techniques for pelvic ring injury affect spinopelvic biomechanics. The SS, PI, PT and LL of the normal, intact model was modified to generate two more SS models for this study. One modified model with an SS of 20{o} was considered the low SS model (SSD), while the second modified model with an SS of 32{o} was termed the high SS model (SSI). A unilateral pelvic ring fracture was simulated by resecting the left side of the sacrum and pelvis. The fractures were stabilized using two different posterior stabilization techniques 1) The fractures were stabilized using two different posterior stabilization techniques, and 2) L5-Ilium posterior screw fixation without cross connector (L5_PF_WO_CC). ResultsSSI demonstrated the higher range of motion, followed by Normal model and least by SSD model at right Sacroiliac Joint. No differences were seen between with and without cross connector model for range of motion at right SIJ. For L5-S1 motion models treated with cross connectors demonstrated the least motion compared to those treated without cross connectors for all configurations and loading conditions. For the sacrum fracture, models with high sacral slopes recorded the least horizontal displacement, followed by decreased sacral slope models for both configurations and loading conditions.

bioengineering↗

bioRxiv2024

APV9WR: An Integrated Web Resource of Alpha papillomavirus 9 for Genomics, Proteomics, Phylogenetic and Therapeutic Analysis

PurposeAlphapapillomavirus 9 is a virus belonging to the Papillomaviridae family. It has a close genetic relationship with high-risk HPV-16 and other HPV strains such as HPV-31, HPV-52, HPV-35, HPV-58, HPV-67, and HPV-35. This virus is responsible for causing warts and malignant tumors and is responsible for about 75% of cervical malignancies and pre-cancerous lesions worldwide. As a result, it requires specialized research and attention. Our goal is to create a comprehensive resource that can assist researchers and scientific groups in their work. Material and MethodologyA total of 1230 full genome sequences and 9140 protein sequences were obtained from GenBank and NCBI Virus, respectively. Further Phylogenetic Analysis, Codon usage and context analysis, CpG islands analysis, Glycosylation sites, Diagnostic Primers, B cell Epitopes and MHC I and MHC II binders were identified and analyzed using relevant Bioinformatics tools and Python program ResultsAPV9WR is a web resource that was developed after analysis. Our data indicate that HPV 35 and HPV 38 have the most genomic diversity. From codon usage analysis, it was observed that AAA, AUU, UAU, UGU, and UUU are the most used codons, while ACG, CCG, CGA, CGG, CGU, GCG, and UCG are some of the unusual codons in APV9 nucleotide sequence with accession id - LC626346.1. We found 4714 CpG island locations in 1230 complete nucleotide sequences of APV9, and only 663 CpG island locations were unique. Further N-linked glycosylation, O-linked glycosylation, diagnostic primers, Potential B-cell epitopes and MHC I and MHC II binders were also analyzed and tabulated. ConclusionWe have consolidated basic information about the virus, such as entire genomic sequences and proteins. It primarily comprises a wide range of studies and outcomes, including genome alignment, phylogenetic inferences, codon context and usage bias, and important CpG island statistics. Furthermore, primers for molecular diagnostics were identified, and glycosylation sites were located and investigated. Most significantly, potential therapeutic elements such as vaccine epitopes and obtaining potential information about them were investigated. Our collective effort on this tool is meant to serve the greater good of the research community for therapeutic intervention for Alphapapillomavirus 9. Using this link https://apv9nsut.web.app will take you to the web app.

bioinformatics↗

bioRxiv2023

High-resolution CTCF footprinting reveals impact of chromatin state on cohesin extrusion dynamics

DNA looping is vital for establishing many enhancer-promoter interactions. While CTCF is known to anchor many cohesin-mediated loops, the looped chromatin fiber appears to predominantly exist in a poorly characterized actively extruding state. To better characterize extruding chromatin loop structures, we used CTCF MNase HiChIP data to determine both CTCF binding at high resolution and 3D contact information. Here we present FactorFinder, a tool that identifies CTCF binding sites at near base-pair resolution. We leverage this substantial advance in resolution to determine that the fully extruded (CTCF-CTCF) state is rare genome-wide with locus-specific variation from ~1-10%. We further investigate the impact of chromatin state on loop extrusion dynamics, and find that active enhancers and RNA Pol II impede cohesin extrusion, facilitating an enrichment of enhancer-promoter contacts in the partially extruded loop state. We propose a model of topological regulation whereby the transient, partially extruded states play active roles in transcription.

genomics↗

bioRxiv2021

Targeted drug delivery using Beeswax derived Albendazole-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles in Haemonchus contortus, an albendazole tolerant nematode.

Targeted delivery has not been achieved for anthelmintic treatment, resulting in the requirement of excess drugs dose leading to side effects and therapeutic resistance. Gastrointestinal helminths ingest lipid droplets from digestive fluid for energy production, development, and defense. Worms habit inspired us to develop biocompatible, oral administrable, bee-wax derived solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) with excellent drug (albendazole) loading efficiency of 83.3 {+/-} 6.5 mg/g and sustained-release properties (86.4 {+/-} 3.9 % of drug released within 24 h). Rhodamine B-loaded SLN showed time-dependent release and distribution of dye in vivo in Haemonchous contortus. The intestinal sustained-release property was shown by the particles that caused enhancement of albendazole potency for up to 50 folds. Therefore, this formulation has immense potential as an anthelminthic drug delivery vehicle that will not only be able to reduce the dose but will also reduce the drug-induced side effects by enhancing the bioavailability of the drug. HighlightsO_LIAlbendazole-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (SLN-A) were formulated using Beeswax as stating material showing high drug loading capacity of 83 mg/g with sustained-release properties and 84 {+/-} 3 % of drug release within 24 h. C_LIO_LISLN-A particles showed 50 fold enhancement of Albendazole activity against Haemonchous contortus worm. C_LIO_LIRhodamine B-loaded SLN particles showed the specific uptake and in-vivo sustained release of dye in the worm. C_LI

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2021

Targeting the nervous system of the parasitic worm, Haemonchus contortus, with quercetin.

High Prevalence of infection rate, limited choice of drugs and emerging resistance against these leads to an pressing need for the development of new antihelminthic drugs and drug targets. However, limited understanding of the physiology of worms has delayed the process substantially. Here, for the first time, we are reporting the tissue morphology of Haemonchus contortus, and target its nervous system with a quercetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid. Quercetin showed anthelmintic activity against all developmental stages of the nematode. Histological analysis demonstrated damage of various body parts including isthmus, brut, pseudocoele, and other organs. Mechanistic studies revealed the generation of oxidative stress and alteration of the stress response enzyme activities. Importantly, the time-dependent imaging of ROS-generation revealed the neuronal system as the primary target of quercetin in the adult worms, which eventually leads to the paralysis and death of the worms. This work demonstrates neuronal system as a novel drug target for quercetin. O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=102 SRC="FIGDIR/small/451932v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (27K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@9204caorg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@789005org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1375539org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1bc4c47_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG Graphical Abstract Schematic representation showing generation of Reactive Oxygen Stress in the nervous system of H. contortus due to quercetin treatment. C_FIG

biochemistry↗