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bioRxiv · 10.64898/2026.10.30.763098

Heterogeneous primary nucleation determines Aβ42 fibrilstructure.

Axell, E.·Linse, S.·Thacker, D.
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Abstract

The current developments in the field of amyloid fibril structure determination has revealed multiple structures for peptides of identical sequence. This may reflect variations in sample environment or similar nucleation barriers for multiple folds. Here we investigate the influence of aggregating surface and during fibril formation from monomeric amyloid {beta} peptide (A{beta}42). The fibril structures formed in identical solutions in glass vials / bottles and PEGylated polystyrene 96-well plates display very different monomer fold within the fibrils. This is a clear indication of extremely slow homogeneous primary nucleation. Instead, heterogeneous primary nucleation at vessel walls or at the three-line interface between air, water and vessel wall dictate the outcome in each solution, where the initially formed structure is propagated through elongation and secondary nucleation. The results further imply that the conversion towards the thermodynamically stable fibril structure one is slow for A{beta}42.

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Axell, E., Linse, S., Thacker, D.. 2026-11-02. Heterogeneous primary nucleation determines Aβ42 fibrilstructure.. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.10.30.763098

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