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bioRxiv · 10.64898/2026.06.16.732573

A Curated Genome-Scale Nucleotide Diversity Panel of Non-Human Primates

Pankratov, V.·Meyer Pedersen, B.·Fogh Sorensen, E.·Munch, K.·Bataillon, T.·Schierup, M. H.·Bergman, J.
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Abstract

BackgroundPrimates constitute one of the most phylogenetically and ecologically diverse Eutherian mammalian orders, with a central role in advancing our knowledge of human evolution, speciation processes and conservation biology. While thousands of whole-genome sequences have been generated across a multitude of primate taxa, discrepancies in data processing - particularly the lack of ploidy-aware variant calling in sex-linked regions - have limited the utility of existing datasets for large-scale comparative analyses. ResultsHere, we utilized publicly available short-read sequencing data of non-human primates, recently published primate genome assemblies and a ploidy-aware variant calling procedure to generate a genome-scale nucleotide diversity panel comprising 3,240 individuals from 269 species and 71 genera. To further facilitate cross-species comparisons, we generated a multiple-genome alignment of primate assemblies used for variant calling. ConclusionThis curated resource of non-human primate diversity provides a foundation for future research in primate evolutionary biology, speciation, and sex chromosome evolution (https://pure.au.dk/portal/en/datasets/primate-diversity-panel/).

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Pankratov, V., Meyer Pedersen, B., Fogh Sorensen, E., Munch, K., Bataillon, T., Schierup, M. H., Bergman, J.. 2026-06-17. A Curated Genome-Scale Nucleotide Diversity Panel of Non-Human Primates. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.06.16.732573

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