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bioRxiv · 10.64898/2026.02.22.707137

The relationship between changes in psychosocial domains with a virtual salsa class and personality, perceived performance and enjoyment

Amin, R.·Duplea, S.-G.·Gadalla, M.·Pullara, J.·Lam, A.·Smith, C.·Ng, H.·Patterson, K. K.
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Abstract

This pre-post-test study investigated 1) pre-post changes in psychosocial domains with a single virtual salsa class; 2) effect sizes relative to an in-person class, and 3) individual factors, including personality, perceived performance, and enjoyment. An experimental group (n=33) of novice dancers 18-30 years old, participated in a single virtual salsa class. Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PAS, NAS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and the Inclusion in Community and Self-Scale (ICS) were administered before and after class. Participants completed the Big Five Inventory-10 (BFI-10) before, and rated their performance and enjoyment (ordinal scale 1-5) after class. Effect sizes were calculated, and pre-post changes were analyzed with Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. Relationships between pre-post changes and individual factors were analyzed with Spearmans rank correlations. PAS, NAS, PSS, and ICS significantly improved and effect sizes were larger than those for an in-person salsa class except for ICS. Change in NAS was negatively correlated with neuroticism. These results suggest that a virtual salsa class may improve mood, stress, and social connection similar to in-person classes and change in mood may be influenced by personality traits such as neuroticism. Understanding the psychosocial effects of virtual dance and the influence of individual factors will facilitate implementation of dance as an accessible rehabilitation intervention to improve psychosocial well-being.

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Amin, R., Duplea, S.-G., Gadalla, M., Pullara, J., Lam, A., Smith, C., Ng, H., Patterson, K. K.. 2026-02-23. The relationship between changes in psychosocial domains with a virtual salsa class and personality, perceived performance and enjoyment. https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.02.22.707137

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