The Recombination Triplet State in the Far-Red Light Adapted Photosystem II is Located at the ChlD1 Site and Resides on the Red-Most Chlorophyll of the Reaction Center.

Calcinoni, A.; Casazza, A. P.; Viola, S.; Agostini, A.; Carbonera, D.; Santabarbara, S.

doi:10.1101/2025.10.15.682561

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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2025.10.15.682561

The Recombination Triplet State in the Far-Red Light Adapted Photosystem II is Located at the ChlD1 Site and Resides on the Red-Most Chlorophyll of the Reaction Center.

Calcinoni, A.·Casazza, A. P.·Viola, S.·Agostini, A.·Carbonera, D.·Santabarbara, S.

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Abstract

The energetic limits of Photosystem II (PSII) photochemical reactivity required reconsideration after the discovery of far-red light acclimation responses in cyanobacteria. Insights on PSII functionality following the inclusion of the red shifted Chlorophylls d and f can be obtained by extending the current knowledge on spectroscopic and structural properties of its reaction center (RC). The photo-induced triplet states, that represent selective endogenous probes, were therefore investigated in far-red adapted PSII by magnetic resonance techniques. Zero-field splitting tensor analysis combined with spin-polarization dynamics arising from radical pair recombination unambiguously identify an intrinsically low-energy-absorbing chlorophyll participating to charge separation reactions. The triplet-minus-singlet (T-S) spectrum associated to the recombination triplet state, obtained by microwave selection, showed a sharp 725 nm bleaching demonstrating the dominant involvement of this red-shifted chlorophyll in the lowest RC exciton. Moreover, spectral simulations provided strong evidence in favor of its localization at the ChlD1 position, making it the most likely site of primary photochemistry.

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Calcinoni, A., Casazza, A. P., Viola, S., Agostini, A., Carbonera, D., Santabarbara, S.. 2025-10-15. The Recombination Triplet State in the Far-Red Light Adapted Photosystem II is Located at the ChlD1 Site and Resides on the Red-Most Chlorophyll of the Reaction Center.. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.15.682561

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