A Bioelectronic Scaffold for Label-Free, Real-Time Monitoring of Wound Healing

Cohen-Gerassi, D. C.; Loboda, O.; Jog, A.; Messer, O.; Goldstein, D. A.; Reuveni, T.; Aviv, M.; Sitt, A.; Shacham-Diamand, Y.; Sokol, M.; Adler-Abramovich, L.

doi:10.1101/2025.09.04.674270

bioRxiv · 10.1101/2025.09.04.674270

A Bioelectronic Scaffold for Label-Free, Real-Time Monitoring of Wound Healing

Cohen-Gerassi, D. C.·Loboda, O.·Jog, A.·Messer, O.·Goldstein, D. A.·Reuveni, T.·Aviv, M.·Sitt, A.·Shacham-Diamand, Y.·Sokol, M.·Adler-Abramovich, L.

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Abstract

Chronic wounds and severe burns pose a major clinical challenge, as they often heal slowly or fail to respond to conventional treatments. In addition, there is a critical lack of tools for personalized, continuous monitoring of the healing process. Although progress has been made in both regenerative biomaterials and wearable biosensors, their integration into a unified platform that enables in situ, real-time monitoring of wound healing remains a major challenge. Here, we present a multifunctional bioelectronic scaffold that combines regenerative capability with real-time sensing of cellular activity. The scaffold was fabricated by electrospinning polycaprolactone (PCL) functionalized with the bioactive, self-assembling peptide fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl-phenylalanine-arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (Fmoc-FRGD) to promote cell adhesion and proliferation. For electrical sensing, biocompatible MXene (Ti3C2TX) electrodes were conformally deposited onto the nanofibrous matrix, preserving its biological functionality. This system enables label-free, real-time monitoring of cell viability and coverage using electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), offering continuous and quantitative insight into cellular adhesion and proliferation. Extracted impedance parameters at low frequencies exhibit a strong correlation with both cell viability and coverage, providing a non-destructive indicator of wound closure and healing dynamics. This platform offers a promising strategy for advanced wound care, integrating real-time monitoring with biologically supportive materials.

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Cohen-Gerassi, D. C., Loboda, O., Jog, A., Messer, O., Goldstein, D. A., Reuveni, T., Aviv, M., Sitt, A., Shacham-Diamand, Y., Sokol, M., Adler-Abramovich, L.. 2025-09-09. A Bioelectronic Scaffold for Label-Free, Real-Time Monitoring of Wound Healing. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.09.04.674270

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