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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2025.07.30.667720

EVALUATION OF PECAM-1 EXPRESSION AND MICROVESSEL DENSITY IN GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

Sadique, G. A.·Afrin, T.
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Abstract

BackgroundGastric adenocarcinoma is the fifth most prevalent malignancy globally and ranks sixth in Bangladesh, representing a significant oncological and public health challenge. Gaining in depth knowledge about the tumor microenvironment, particularly the mechanisms of tumor-induced angiogenesis, is essential for the development of more precise and effective targeted therapies. Microvessel density (MVD) serves as a widely recognized measure of angiogenic activity and can be reliably assessed using immunohistochemical staining for PECAM-1 (CD31), a highly specific marker of vascular endothelial cells. MethodsThis cross-sectional observational study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Satkhira Medical College, from April 2024 to March 2025. A total of 50 cases of invasive gastric adenocarcinoma were included. Routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining was performed for Lauren classification. Immunohistochemistry for PECAM-1 was conducted to highlight microvessels. ResultAmong 50 cases, intestinal-type adenocarcinoma was more frequent than diffuse type. High MVD was observed in 58.1% of intestinal-type cases and 36.8% of diffuse-type cases. The difference in MVD between intestinal and diffuse types was statistically significant (p < 0.05), suggesting higher angiogenic activity in intestinal-type tumors. ConclusionThis study demonstrates that PECAM-1 positive MVD is significantly higher in the intestinal subtype of gastric adenocarcinoma compared to the diffuse subtype. These findings indicate a more angiogenically active tumor microenvironment in intestinal-type tumors, potentially correlating with greater invasive potential and metastatic behavior. PECAM-1 immunostaining provides a valuable tool for quantifying tumor angiogenesis and may serve as a prognostic marker or a basis for anti-angiogenic therapeutic targeting in gastric cancer management.

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Sadique, G. A., Afrin, T.. 2025-07-31. EVALUATION OF PECAM-1 EXPRESSION AND MICROVESSEL DENSITY IN GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.30.667720

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