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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2025.07.09.663908

Multi-omics characterization of the skin microbiota reveals the anti-aging roles of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Guo, D.·Chen, Y.·Wu, Y.·Cheng, J.·Lai, W.·Ma, W.·Yang, H.·Han, L.·Ma, L.·Jia, H.·Liu, X.
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Abstract

Shifts in the skin microbiome have shown a close link to chronological age. However, the contribution of skin microbiome in skin aging phenotypes remains unclear. To explore this, we performed phenotypic, metabolomic, metagenomic, and functional analyses on a cohort with divergent skin aging phenotypes. Genome-scale metabolic models (GEMs) integrated with metabolomic analysis revealed that Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, enriched in the younger group (categorized by AI-predicted age and skin elasticity), utilizes the glutathione cycle to maintain redox homeostasis. Cellular experiments showed its metabolites enhanced GSH synthesis and alleviated oxidative stress-induced skin aging by upregulating key genes in fibroblasts, including GCLM, PGD, SOD2, and NQO1. Additionally, GEMs highlighted its potential anti-aging roles in regulating host metabolic pathways involving betaine, lysolecithin, and porphyrin. In parallel, Acinetobacter guillouiae was found to influence host melanin metabolism by degrading dopamine (DA) and 3-methoxytyramine (3-MT), offering potential therapeutic strategies for mitigating pigmentation. Our findings highlight the dynamic interplay between skin microbiota and the host in aging, offering new insights for designing targeted anti-aging interventions.

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Guo, D., Chen, Y., Wu, Y., Cheng, J., Lai, W., Ma, W., Yang, H., Han, L., Ma, L., Jia, H., Liu, X.. 2025-07-09. Multi-omics characterization of the skin microbiota reveals the anti-aging roles of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.07.09.663908

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