Real-world testing of the durability claims of a commercially available spray-on surface biocide

Abstract

Self-disinfecting biocidal surfaces have been proposed as a solution to prevent infections caused by the transmission of microorganisms from frequently touched surfaces in hospitals and other settings. For example, surface anchoring quaternary ammonium salt (SAQAS)-based biocides are purported to maintain their antimicrobial potency for up to 30 days and are available as spray-on formulations. We tested the 30-day potency claim of a commercially available spray-on SAQAS-based biocide ("SAQAS-A") under "real-world" conditions in a microbiology laboratory where regular cleaning is routine. To do this, we determined the background microbial burden on high-traffic floor areas, routinely used bench areas, frequently touched handles, and glass surfaces for 30 days before and after applying SAQAS-A. Experiments were repeated three times, and data was analysed using two Generalised Linear Mixed Models. We observed that for >80% of bench samples, the number of viable bacteria recovered was below the highest acceptable level of 2.5 CFU/cm2, with minimal reduction in CFU recovery observed after SAQAS-A treatment. In contrast, the number of floor and glass samples in which the microbial burden exceeded 2.5 CFU/cm2 was greater after biocide application (12.7 and 73%, respectively) than before (4.8 and 37%, respectively). Analysis of all data using two statistical models confirmed that the application of SAQAS-A had no antimicrobial effect. In conclusion, our results indicate that SAQAS-A was ineffective in preventing surface contamination over 30 days in a real-world scenario where routine cleaning occurs. ImportanceWe tested the claim that a commercially available spray-on biocide could protect surfaces from microbial contamination for 30 days. In the presence of routine disinfection, we found that spray-on applications of the surface anchoring quaternary ammonium salt-based biocide did not protect frequently touched surfaces in a working microbiology research lab for up to 30 days. Our data show that users of this type of product should be aware of the limitations of manufacturers claims of "continued protection", and manufacturers should consider formulations that more reliably attach to surfaces. Similarly, regulatory and consumer protection agencies should provide clear guidance for companies wishing to make durability and longevity claims for biocidal surface applications.