Denoising complex-valued diffusion MR images using a two-step non-local principal component analysis approach

Abstract

Purposeto propose a two-step non-local principal component analysis (PCA) method and demonstrate its utility for denoising diffusion tensor MRI (DTI) with a few diffusion directions. MethodsA two-step denoising pipeline was implemented to ensure accurate patch selection even with high noise levels and was coupled with data preprocessing for g-factor normalization and phase stabilization before data denoising with a non-local PCA algorithm. At the heart of our proposed pipeline was the use of a data-driven optimal shrinkage algorithm to manipulate the singular values in a way that would optimally estimate the noise-free signal. Our approachs denoising performances were evaluated using simulation and in-vivo human data experiments. The results were compared to those obtained with existing local-PCA-based methods. ResultsIn both simulation and human data experiments, our approach substantially enhanced image quality relative to the noisy counterpart, yielding improved performances for estimation of relevant DTI metrics. It also outperformed existing local-PCA-based methods in reducing noise while preserving anatomic details. It also led to improved whole-brain tractography relative to the noisy counterpart. ConclusionThe proposed denoising method has the utility for improving image quality for DTI with reduced diffusion directions and is believed to benefit many applications especially those aiming to achieve quality parametric mapping using only a few image volumes.