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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2024.10.26.620432

Multi-character assessment of caryopsis in diverse common wheat germplasm,including high protein breeds

KOSINA, R.·Tomaszewska, P.
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Abstract

In 15 varieties and hybrids of common wheat, including high-protein, varieties such as Atlas 66, Nap Hal, and Lancota, the microstructural characters of the caryopsis were analysed. Among the wheats, a high variability in the correlation matrices of characters was observed. A variable relationship between the specific gravity of the caryopsis and the size of the endosperm cavity was demonstrated. Some principal components (I, II, IV and V) contained the majority of the information regarding the weight, quality, vitreousness, and aleurone layer of the caryopsis, respectively. In the ordination space of nonmetric multidimensional scaling (nmMDS), two groups of wheat were distinguished: high-protein and low-protein subaleurone layers. Endosperm morphotypes were characterised by the proportion of two types of starch tissue, cylindric and isodiametric. In the nmMDS ordination space, wheat was described by the frequency distributions of six endosperm cavity morphotypes, with more (leptokurtosis) or less (platykurtosis) cumulated variation. In the case of endosperm developmental anomalies, the intrusive growth of cell walls, particularly in the aleurone layer, was identified as playing a significant role in the formation of endosperm mosaic architecture and domains. Varietal developmental specificity was discovered in the development of acellular starch domains within the endosperm tissue and starch grain storage in the cavity (as observed in cv. Purdue).

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KOSINA, R., Tomaszewska, P.. 2024-10-29. Multi-character assessment of caryopsis in diverse common wheat germplasm,including high protein breeds. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.10.26.620432

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