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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2024.07.01.601600

The Ex Vivo Infection of the Peripheral Bovine Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and the Bovine Spleen Cells with the Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) Induced a Differential Expression of the Host Cytokine Genes Profiles and Modulates the Virus Replication

Shah, A. U.·Hemida, M. H.
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Abstract

The adaptive immune response during BCoV infection of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), the bovine spleen cells, and their isolated T lymphocytes was not studied well. Our study confirmed successful BCoV infection in PBMCs and spleen T cells. This was evidenced by measuring genome copy numbers using real-time PCR, expression levels of BCoV spike and nucleocapsid proteins via western blot and immunofluorescence assays, and virus infectivity titration by plaque assay. In infected PBMCs, CD4 T-cell levels were 1.45-fold higher, and CD8 T-cell levels were 1.6-fold lower compared to sham-infected cells. Conversely, infected splenocytes showed a 0.88-fold decrease in CD4 T-cells and a 1.88-fold increase in CD8 T-cells. The cytokine gene expression analysis revealed that BCoV infection activated type 1 interferon and upregulated IL-6 expression in PBMCs and splenocytes. These findings demonstrate that BCoV successfully infects immune cells from PBMCs and spleen, inducing differential host cytokine gene expression favors virus replication.

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Shah, A. U., Hemida, M. H.. 2024-07-02. The Ex Vivo Infection of the Peripheral Bovine Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) and the Bovine Spleen Cells with the Bovine Coronavirus (BCoV) Induced a Differential Expression of the Host Cytokine Genes Profiles and Modulates the Virus Replication. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.01.601600

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