Golden section hypothesis of macroevolution: unification of metabolic scaling and Fibonacci sequence

Abstract

Golden section is a subtle technology from nature to split space, which is both extensive and mysterious. In recent years, some studies1-4 have begun to focus on metabolic scaling (B{propto}Mb) at the macroevolutionary scale, and some important trends have been revealed. To further answer the question of "where does b come from and where does it go in evolution", a golden section model of macroevolution was constructed by integrating metabolic scaling and Fibonacci sequence. The results showed that, (1) macroevolution at the boundary level was a highly ordered process from one-dimensional (prokaryotes) to five-dimensional evolution (fungi). Four-dimensional life5 was only the choice of animals. (2) b just was the syndrome of dimension application and metabolism realization of life following Fibonacci sequence; however, it indicated major evolution events in the macroevolution and the directions in secondary macroevolution. The logic and panorama of macroevolution therefore were re-outlined based on the idea of dimensional evolution and metabolic evolution. It was argued that the golden section model of macroevolution established a full-new logic system of dimensional and metabolic evolution, and provided a possible path for the unification of macroevolution and microevolution.