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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2021.10.04.463042

URMC-099 Prophylaxis Repairs Hippocampal Vascular Damage in an Orthopedic Model of Delirium Superimposed on Dementia

Miller-Rhodes, P.·Li, H.·Velagapudi, R.·Terrando, N.·Gelbard, H. A.
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Abstract

Systemic perturbations can drive a neuroimmune cascade after surgical trauma, including affecting the blood-brain barrier (BBB), activating microglia, and contributing to cognitive deficits such as delirium. Delirium superimposed on dementia (DSD) is a particularly debilitating complication that renders the brain further vulnerable to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, albeit these molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we have used an orthopedic model of tibial fracture/fixation in APPSwDI/mNos2-/- AD (CVN-AD) mice to investigate relevant pathogenetic mechanisms underlying DSD. We conducted the present study in 6 months-old CVN-AD mice, an age at which we speculated amyloid-{beta} pathology had not saturated BBB and neuroimmune functioning. We found that URMC-099, our brain-penetrant anti-inflammatory neuroprotective drug, prevented inflammatory endothelial activation, breakdown of the BBB, synapse loss, and microglial activation in our DSD model. Taken together, our data link post-surgical endothelial activation, microglial MafB immunoreactivity, and synapse loss as key substrates for DSD, all of which can be prevented by URMC-099.

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Miller-Rhodes, P., Li, H., Velagapudi, R., Terrando, N., Gelbard, H. A.. 2021-10-05. URMC-099 Prophylaxis Repairs Hippocampal Vascular Damage in an Orthopedic Model of Delirium Superimposed on Dementia. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.10.04.463042

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