bioRxiv Science⌕ Search

bioRxiv · 10.1101/2021.06.22.449451

Human DC3 Antigen Presenting Dendritic Cells from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DC) are professional antigen-presenting cells that develop from hematopoietic stem cells. Different DC subsets exist based on ontogeny, location and function, including the recently identified proinflammatory DC3 subset. DC3 have the prominent activity to polarize CD8+ T cells into CD8+ CD103+ tissue resident T cells. Here we describe human DC3 differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPS cells). iPS cell-derived DC3 have the gene expression and surface marker make-up of blood DC3 and polarize CD8+ T cells into CD8+ CD103+ tissue-resident memory T cells in vitro. To test the impact of malignant JAK2 V617F mutation on DC3, we differentiated patient-specific iPS cells with JAK2 V617Fhet and JAK2 V617Fhom mutations into JAK2 V617Fhet and JAK2 V617Fhom DC3. The JAK2 V617F mutation enhanced DC3 production and caused a bias towards erythrocytes and megakaryocytes. The patient-specific iPS cell-derived DC3 are expected to allow studying DC3 in human diseases and developing novel therapeutics. Graphical Abstract O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=69 SRC="FIGDIR/small/449451v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (18K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@9e4ee3org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@14d3b40org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@16cfae8org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1ccb5e0_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG

Source connections

Explore related subjects

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

Satoh, T., Szymanski de Toledo, M. A., Boehnke, J., Olschok, K., Flosdorf, N., Goetz, K., Kuestermann, C., Sontag, S., Sere, K., Koschmieder, S., Bruemmendorf, T. H., Chatain, N., Tagawa, Y.-i., Zenke, M.. 2021-06-22. Human DC3 Antigen Presenting Dendritic Cells from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.06.22.449451

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related preprints

ACE-engineered human iPSC-derived neutrophils enhance host defense against multidrug-resistant bacterial infections

Severe neutropenia predisposes patients to life-threatening infections, while donor-dependent granulocyte transfusions are limited by availability and variable cell quality. Here, we engineered human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to constitutively or inducibly express angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and differentiated them into functional ACE-engineered neutrophils (ACE-iNeu). ACE expression enhanced granulocytic maturation, reactive oxygen species generation, inflammatory cytokine production, and antimicrobial signaling. ACE-iNeu exhibited enhanced bactericidal activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Following adoptive transfer into neutropenic mice, ACE-iNeu significantly reduced circulating and tissue bacterial burdens. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed ACE-associated alterations in adenine nucleotide abundance and developmental and inflammatory pathways. Together, these findings establish ACE engineering as a strategy to enhance the production and antimicrobial function of human iPSC-derived neutrophils and support further preclinical development of engineered granulocyte therapies for severe drug-resistant infections.

immunology↗

Tetravalent dengue mRNA vaccination orchestrates balanced four-serotype immunity with durable memory and protection in mice.

An effective dengue vaccine must establish durable immunity across four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes, evade antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and overcome immune imprinting from prior exposure. Here, we developed TetprM-E mRNA-LNP, a tetravalent vaccine comprising LNP-formulated nucleoside-modified mRNAs encoding DENV1-4 precursor membrane-envelope (prM-E) antigens, and evaluated its immunogenicity, durability, protection and breath across serotype-specific immune backgrounds. Three immunization strategies elicited neutralizing titers greater than 1:1500 against each serotype. Passive transfer of immune sera conferred 100% survival and reduced viremia after lethal DENV2 challenge in immunocompromised mice. Vaccination induced DENV envelope (env)-specific CD8+T cells and CD4-dependent germinal-center responses. DENV env-binding antibodies persisted for 34 weeks alongside DENV env-specific memory B cells. Vaccine-elicited sera showed no measurable in vitro ADE. Although monovalent priming initially biased antibody responses, TetprM-E mRNA-LNP vaccination broadened neutralization across DENV1-4 regardless of priming serotype. Together, TetprM-E mRNA-LNP elicits broad, durable, and protective immunity despite serologic constraints from pre-existing immunity.

immunology↗

The antagonism of sex chromosomes and sex hormones dictates outcomes in Th17 cell-mediated central nervous system autoimmunity.

Biological sex traits are shaped by the combined effects of both sex hormones and chromosomes. How these factors interact in sex-related autoimmune diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), has been a subject of intense recent interest. Here, using the Four Core Genotype (FCG) mouse model, in which these two variables can be disentangled, we describe an antagonism between sex hormones and chromosomes that potently influences outcomes in T helper 17 (Th17)-driven progressive central nervous system (CNS) autoimmunity. Male gonadal hormones dampen disease severity, irrespective of sex chromosome complement, by promoting a Wnt/{beta}-catenin signaling program associated with a homeostatic, non-pathogenic Th17 phenotype. By contrast, XY chromosomal complement exacerbates Th17 pathogenicity in a recipient sex-dependent manner; we identify the X-linked molecule SUV39H1 as an inhibitor of inflammatory Th17 cell function. Unexpectedly, we found that hormonally and chromosomally female FCG Th17 cells induced far more severe disease than WT female counterparts despite being genetically identical, pointing to a parental imprinting effect in dictating Th17 cell pathogenicity. These latter investigations uncovered Runx2, a transcription factor previously linked to developmental programs, as a novel negative regulator of the pathogenicity of Th17 cells. Together, our findings establish biological sex as a multilayered regulator of Th17 pathogenicity, revealing distinct and sometimes opposing contributions of hormones, chromosomes, and parental inheritance.

immunology↗