I will teach you here or there, I will try to teach you anywhere: perceived supports and barriers for emergency remote teaching during COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

BackgroundDue to the COVID-19 pandemic, many universities moved to emergency remote teaching (ERT). This allowed institutions to continue their instruction despite not being in person. However, ERT is not without consequences. For example, students may have inadequate technological supports, such as reliable internet and computers. Students may also have poor learning environments at home and may need to find added employment to support their families. Additionally, there were consequences to faculty. It has been shown that female instructors are more disproportionately impacted in terms of mental health issues and increased domestic labor. This research aims to investigate instructors and students perceptions of their transition to ERT. Specifically, we wanted to: O_LIIdentify supports and barriers during the transition to ERT C_LIO_LICompare instructors experiences with the student experiences C_LIO_LIExplore these supports and barriers within the context of social presence, teaching presence, and/or cognitive presence during ERT as well as how these supports and barriers relate to scaffolding in emergency remote courses C_LI DesignUsing grounded theory techniques, we applied two-cycle, qualitative analyses to assess the instructor transcripts. In first-cycle analysis, we used open coding to develop initial ideas from the data. We then used second cycle coding to generate categories with definitions and criteria agreed upon during discussion-based consensus building. Finally, these categories and descriptions were used to code student survey data. Analyses/InterpretationsInstructors identified twice as many barriers as supports in their teaching during the transition to ERT and identified casual and formal conversations with colleagues as valuable supports. Emerging categories for barriers consisted of academic integrity concerns as well as technological difficulties. Similarly, students identified more barriers than supports in their learning during the transition to ERT. More specifically, students described pre-existing course structure, classroom technology, and community as best supporting their learning. Barriers that challenged student learning included classroom environment, student availability, and student emotion and comfort. ContributionTogether, this research will help us understand supports and barriers to teaching and learning during the transition to ERT. This understanding can help us better plan and prepare for future emergencies, particularly at MSIs, where improved communication and increased access to resources for both students and instructors are key.