Mps1 promotes poleward chromosome movements in meiotic pro-metaphase

Abstract

In prophase of meiosis I, homologous partner chromosomes pair and become connected by crossovers. Chiasmata, the connections formed between the partners enable the chromosome pair, called a bivalent, to attach as a single unit to the spindle. When the meiosis I spindle forms in prometaphase, most bivalents are associated with a single spindle pole and go through a series of oscillations on the spindle, attaching to and detaching from microtubules until the partners of the bivalent are bi-oriented, that is, attached to microtubules from opposite sides of the spindle, and prepared to be segregated at anaphase I. The conserved, kinetochore-associated kinase, Mps1, is essential for the bivalents to be pulled by microtubules across the spindle in prometaphase. Here we show that MPS1 is not required for kinetochores to attach microtubules but instead is necessary to trigger the migration of microtubule-attached kinetochores towards the poles. Our data support the model that Mps1 triggers depolymerization of microtubule ends once they attach to kinetochores in prometaphase. Thus, Mps1 acts at the kinetochore to co-ordinate the successful attachment of a microtubule and the triggering of microtubule depolymerization to move the chromosome.