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bioRxiv · 10.1101/2020.04.25.060111

Neuroimaging Correlates of Emotional Response-Inhibition Discriminate Between Young Depressed Adults With and Without Sub-threshold Bipolar Symptoms

Cha, J.·Speaker, S.·Hu, B.·Altinay, M.·Koirala, P.·Karne, H.·Spielberg, J.·Anand, A.
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Abstract

BackgroundA significant number of subjects with major depression (MDD) exhibit subthreshold mania symptoms (MDD+). This study investigated, for the first time, using emotional inhibition tasks, whether the neurobiology of MDD+ subjects is more akin to bipolar disorder depression (BDD) or to MDD subjects without any subthreshold bipolar symptoms (MDD-). MethodThis study included 118 medication-free young adult subjects (16 - 30 yrs.): 20 BDD, 28 MDD+, 41 MDD-, and 29 HC subjects. Participants underwent fMRI during emotional and non-emotional Go/No-go tasks during which they responded for Go stimuli and inhibited response for happy, fear, emotional (happy + fear) and non-emotional (gender) faces No-go stimuli. Linear mixed effects (LME) analysis for group effects and Gaussian Process Classifier (GPC) analyses was conducted. ResultsMDD- group compared to both the BDD and MDD+ groups, exhibited significantly lower activation in parietal, temporal and frontal regions (cluster-wise corrected p <0.05) for emotional inhibition conditions vs. non-emotional condition. No significant differences were found between BDD and MDD+ groups. GPC classification of emotional vs non-emotional response-inhibition activation pattern showed good discrimination between BDD and MDD- subjects (AUC: 0.70; balanced accuracy: 70% (p = 0.006)) as well as MDD+ and MDD- subjects (AUC: 0.72; balanced accuracy: 67% (p = 0.015)) but less efficient discrimination between BDD and MDD+ groups (AUC: 0.68; balanced accuracy: 61% (p = 0.091)). Notably, classification of the MDD- group was weighted for left amygdala activation pattern. ConclusionUsing an fMRI emotional Go-Nogo task, MDD- subjects can be discriminated from BDD subjects and MDD+.

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Cha, J., Speaker, S., Hu, B., Altinay, M., Koirala, P., Karne, H., Spielberg, J., Anand, A.. 2020-04-27. Neuroimaging Correlates of Emotional Response-Inhibition Discriminate Between Young Depressed Adults With and Without Sub-threshold Bipolar Symptoms. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.04.25.060111

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