Biology subjects

van der Stoep, N.

Publications and source records attributed to van der Stoep, N..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2025

Decoding auditory working memory load from EEG alpha oscillations

Working memory (WM) enables temporary retention of task-relevant information for imminent use. Increases in visual WM load are accompanied by elevated contralateral delay activity (CDA), and EEG alpha-band power. While most WM research focuses on the visual domain, it remains unknown whether similar EEG responses also reflect WM load in the auditory domain. Using EEG, we set out to establish such neural markers of auditory WM load. Participants memorized the pitches of 1 to 4 pure tones presented to one ear, with 1 to 4 identical distractor tones presented to the other ear. Behaviorally, auditory WM capacity plateaued between set-sizes two and three. Unlike for visual WM, auditory WM load was not reflected in lateralized EEG responses. This shows that the CDA is a vision-specific rather than domain-general neural marker of WM load. Applying multivariate pattern analyses on the delay activity revealed that auditory WM load is reflected in patterns of alpha-band oscillations. Surprisingly, a temporal generalization analysis revealed that the alpha patterns reflecting specific load conditions changed throughout the maintenance period (despite load being inherently constant), revealing dynamic coding of auditory WM load.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2024

Transitions from monotonic to tuned responses in recurrent neural network models during timing prediction

The brain exhibits a gradual transition in responses to visual event duration and frequency through the visual processing hierarchy: from monotonically increasing to timing-tuned responses. Over their hierarchies, properties of both response types are progressively transformed. Here, we implement simulations based on artificial neural networks to investigate the requirements of neural systems for the emergence of such responses and their properties transformations. We see that recurrent networks develop monotonic responses whose properties progressions over network layers resemble those over brain areas. Responses to another sensory quantity, Furthermore, recurrent networks can further develop tuned responses, but only with training, a gradual transition between monotonic and tuned responses emerges. Particularly, if this training is done on predictable sequences, the tuned properties progressions resemble those observed in the brain. These results suggest that the emergence of visual timing-tuned responses and the subsequent hierarchical transformations of these responses result from recurrent neural computation and predictive processing of sensory event timing.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2024

Frontal theta power prospectively associated with response inhibition

A proactive mechanism has been postulated to promote successful inhibition (Kenemans, 2015). Specifically, this mechanism is thought to operate before any action demanding or countermanding event has occurred. In the current study, we investigated whether EEG theta power could reflect this mechanism, in a sample of healthy individuals performing a stop-signal paradigm. By comparing frontal theta power preceding failed versus successful stop trials, we tested whether frontal theta is predictive of inhibition success. We hypothesized that proactive cognitive control manifests in frontal theta power preceding a countermanding go-stop event. Our results demonstrate that frontal theta is indeed higher preceding successful as compared to preceding failed stopping events. We also show that frontal theta power preceding stopping events is associated with Stop-Signal Reaction Times (SSRT), with a higher theta being indicative of shorter SSRTs. This association was not present for go-RT. This study may be the first to reveal a relationship between lower frontal theta power and subsequent stopping failure, suggesting thetas role in proactive response inhibition.

neuroscience↗