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Zachara, N.

Publications and source records attributed to Zachara, N..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Aberrant N-glycosylation is a therapeutic target in carriers of a common and highly pleiotropic mutation in the manganese transporter ZIP8

The treatment of defective glycosylation in clinical practice has been limited to patients with rare and severe phenotypes associated with congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG). Carried by approximately 5% of the human population, the discovery of the highly pleiotropic, missense mutation in a manganese transporter ZIP8 has exposed under-appreciated roles for Mn homeostasis and aberrant Mn-dependent glycosyltransferases activity leading to defective N-glycosylation in complex human diseases. Here, we test the hypothesis that aberrant N-glycosylation contributes to disease pathogenesis of ZIP8 A391T-associated Crohns disease. Analysis of N-glycan branching in intestinal biopsies demonstrates perturbation in active Crohns disease and a genotype-dependent effect characterized by increased truncated N-glycans. A mouse model of ZIP8 391-Thr recapitulates the intestinal glycophenotype of patients carrying mutations in ZIP8. Borrowing from therapeutic strategies employed in the treatment of patients with CDGs, oral monosaccharide therapy with N-acetylglucosamine ameliorates the epithelial N-glycan defect, bile acid dyshomeostasis, intestinal permeability, and susceptibility to chemical-induced colitis in a mouse model of ZIP8 391-Thr. Together, these data support ZIP8 391-Thr alters N-glycosylation to contribute to disease pathogenesis, challenging the clinical paradigm that CDGs are limited to patients with rare diseases. Critically, the defect in glycosylation can be targeted with monosaccharide supplementation, providing an opportunity for genotype-driven, personalized medicine.

genomics↗

Constitutive Inhibition of Transient Receptor Potential CanonicalType 6 (TRPC6) by O-GlcNAcylation at Threonine-221

Transient receptor potential canonical type 6 (TRPC6) is a non-voltage gated cation channel that principally conducts calcium to regulate signaling in cardiac, vascular, neuronal and other cells. Abnormally increased TRPC6 expression/conductance and genetic gain of function mutations contribute to fibrosis, hypertrophy, proteinuria, and edema, notably linked to its stimulation of nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) signaling. Hyperglycemia (HG) also activates TRPC6/NFAT as a cause of diabetic renal disease. While prior work linked HG-TRPC6 activation to oxidant stress, the role of another major HG modification - O-GlcNAcylation, is unknown. Here we show TRPC6 is constitutively O-GlcNAcylated, TRPC6 and O-GlcNAc transferase proteins interact, this modification potently suppresses basal channel conductance and NFAT activity, and it is unaltered by HG. Proteomics identifies O-GlcNAcylation at Ser14, Thr70, and Thr221 in the N-terminus ankyrin-4 (AR4) and neighboring linker (LH1) domains of TRPC6. Of these, T221 is most impactful as a T221A mutation increases basal NFAT activity 11-fold, TRPC6 conductance 75-80% vs wild-type, and when expressed in cardiomyocytes amplifies NFAT-pro-hypertrophic gene expression. T221 is highly conserved and mutating homologs in TRPC3 and TRPC7 also markedly elevates basal NFAT activity. Molecular models predict electrostatic interactions between T221 O-GlcNAc and Ser199, Glu200, and Glu246, and we find similarly elevated NFAT activity from alanine substitutions at these coordinating sites as well. Thus, O-GlcNAcylation at T221 and its interaction with coordinating residues in AR4-LH1 is required for basal TRPC6 channel conductance and regulation of NFAT.

biochemistry↗