Reduced cortico-accumbal excitatory input due to Nav1.2 haploinsufficiency impairs sociability independently of dopamine
Mutations in SCN2A, which encodes the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.2, are associated with a wide spectrum of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, including epilepsy, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and schizophrenia. Although dysfunction of SCN2A-dependent neural circuits has been implicated in these disorders, the circuit mechanisms underlying social behavioral abnormalities remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the neural circuit basis of social behavioral deficits associated with Scn2a dysfunction, focusing on the nucleus accumbens (NAc), a key hub in cortico-limbic circuits that regulates emotional and motivational behaviors. Using conditional genetic and chemogenetic approaches in mice, we examined the roles of dorsal telencephalic excitatory neurons, including those in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, and amygdala, as well as parvalbumin-positive fast-spiking interneurons (PV FSIs) in the NAc. Mice with Scn2a haploinsufficiency in dorsal telencephalic excitatory neurons (Scn2afl/+/Emx1-Cre) exhibited reduced sociability in the three-chamber social interaction test. Similarly, chemogenetic inhibition of NAc PV FSIs decreased sociability without affecting locomotor activity or anxiety-like behavior. Scn2afl/+/Emx1-Cre mice also showed a trend toward reduced prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle response. Notably, dopamine release into the NAc in the Scn2afl/+/Emx1-Cre and systemic Scn2a heterozygous knockout (Scn2a+/-) mice was largely comparable to that in control mice. Together, these findings indicate that reduced activity of dorsal telencephalic excitatory neurons or NAc PV FSIs is sufficient to impair sociability independently of mesolimbic dopamine hypofunction. Our results highlight a potential role of cortico-accumbal circuits in social behavioral deficits associated with SCN2A dysfunction.