Pseudocritical and Precritical States in Brain Dynamics
Scale-free brain dynamics under external stimuli raises an apparent paradox since the critical point of the brain dynamics locates at the limit of zero external drive. Here, we demonstrate that relaxation of the membrane potential removes the critical point but facilitates scale-free dynamics in the presence of strong external stimuli. These findings feature biological neural networks as systems that have no real critical point but bear critical-like behaviors. Attainment of such pseudocritical states relies on processing neurons into a precritical state where they are made readily activatable. We discuss supportive signatures in existing experimental observations and advise new ones for these intriguing properties. These newly revealed repertoires of neural states call for reexamination of brains working states and open fresh avenues for the investigation of critical behaviors in complex dynamical systems.