Clonal and Scalable Endothelial Progenitor Cell Lines from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) can be used as a renewable source of endothelial cells for treating cardiovascular disease and other ischemic conditions. Here, we present the derivation and characterization of a panel of distinct clonal embryonic endothelial progenitor cell (eEPC) lines that were differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The hESC line, ESI-017, was first partially differentiated to produce candidate cultures from which eEPC were cloned. Endothelial cell identity was assessed by transcriptomic analysis, cell surface marker expression, immunocytochemical marker analysis, and functional analysis using a vascular network forming assay. The transcriptome of the eEPC lines was compared to various adult endothelial lines as well as various non-endothelial cells including both adult and embryonic origins. This resulted in a variety of distinct cell lines with functional properties of endothelial cells and strong transcriptomic similarity to adult endothelial primary cell lines. The eEPC lines, however, were distinguished from adult endothelium by a novel pattern of embryonic gene expression. We demonstrated scalability of up to 80 population doublings and stable with long-term expansion over 50 passages and stable angiogenic properties at late passage in the EPC line. Taken together, these data support the finding that hESC-derived clonal eEPC lines are useful as a source of scalable therapeutic cells and cell products for treating cardiovascular disease. These eEPC lines offer a highly promising resource for preclinical studies and therapeutic interventions.