Biology subjects

Villette, V.

Publications and source records attributed to Villette, V..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2018

Fast two-photon volumetric imaging of an improved voltage indicator reveals electrical activity in deeply located neurons in the awake brain

Imaging of transmembrane voltage deep in brain tissue with cellular resolution has the potential to reveal information processing by neuronal circuits in living animals with minimal perturbation. Multi-photon voltage imaging in vivo, however, is currently limited by speed and sensitivity of both indicators and imaging methods. Here, we report the engineering of an improved genetically encoded voltage indicator, ASAP3, which exhibits up to 51% fluorescence responses in the physiological voltage range, sub-millisecond activation kinetics, and full responsivity under two-photon illumination. We also introduce an ultrafast local volume excitation (ULOVE) two-photon scanning method to sample ASAP3 signals in awake mice at kilohertz rates with increased stability and sensitivity. ASAP3 and ULOVE allowed continuous single-trial tracking of spikes and subthreshold events for minutes in deep locations, with subcellular resolution, and with repeated sampling over multiple days. By imaging voltage in visual cortex neurons, we found evidence for cell type-dependent subthreshold modulation by locomotion. Thus, ASAP3 and ULOVE enable continuous high-speed high-resolution imaging of electrical activity in deeply located genetically defined neurons during awake behavior.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2018

Synaptic properties and network state-dependent recruitment of VIP-expressing interneuron-specific interneurons in the CA1 hippocampus

In the hippocampus, a highly specialized population of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-expressing interneuron-specific (IS) inhibitory cells provides local circuit disinhibition via preferential innervation of different types of GABAergic interneurons. While disinhibition can be critical in modulating network activity and different forms of hippocampal learning, the synaptic and integrative properties of IS cells and their recruitment during network oscillations remain unknown. Using a combination of patch-clamp recordings, photostimulation, computational modelling as well as recordings of network oscillations simultaneously with two-photon Ca2+-imaging in awake mice in vivo, we identified synaptic mechanisms that can control the firing of IS cells, and explored their impact on the cell recruitment during theta oscillations and sharp-wave-associated ripples. We found that IS cells fire spikes in response to both the Schaffer collateral and the temporoammonic pathway activation. Moreover, integrating their intrinsic and synaptic properties into computational models predicted recruitment of these cells during the rising to peak phases of theta oscillations and during ripples depending on inhibitory contributions. In vivo Ca2+-imaging in awake mice confirmed in part the theoretical predictions, revealing a significant speed modulation of IS cells and their preferential albeit delayed recruitment during theta-run epochs, with firing at the rising phase to peak of the theta cycle. However, it also uncovered that IS cells are not activated during ripples. Thus, given the preferential theta-modulated firing of IS cells in awake hippocampus, we postulate that these cells may be important for information gating during spatial navigation and memory encoding.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2018

Connectivity and network state-dependent recruitment of long-range VIP-GABAergic neurons in the mouse hippocampus

GABAergic interneurons in the hippocampus provide for local and long-distance coordination of neurons in functionally connected areas. Vasoactive intestinal peptide-expressing (VIP+) interneurons occupy a distinct niche in circuitry as many of them specialize in innervating GABAergic cells, thus providing network disinhibition. In the CA1 hippocampus, VIP+ interneuron-selective cells target local interneurons. Here, we discovered a novel type of VIP+ neuron whose axon innervates CA1 and also projects to the subiculum (VIP-LRPs). VIP-LRPs showed specific molecular properties and targeted interneurons within the CA1 area but both interneurons and pyramidal cells within subiculum. They were interconnected through gap junctions but demonstrated sparse spike coupling in vitro. In awake mice, VIP-LRPs decreased their activity during theta-run epochs and were more active during quiet wakefulness but not coupled to sharp-wave ripples. Together, the data provide new evidence for VIP interneuron molecular diversity and functional specialization in controlling cell ensembles along the hippocampo-subicular axis.

neuroscience↗