Nanopore Electrometry Resolves Peptide Charge Patterns beyond Ionic-Current Blockade
Localized measurements of electric fields offer a promising route to expand the information content of nanopore-based single-molecule sensing beyond conventional ionic-current blockade. Here, using all-atom molecular dynamics simulations with virtual electric-field probes placed around a graphene nanopore, we show that the local electric-field captures the presence, and distribution of charged amino acids as the peptides translocate through the pore. These field signatures create reproducible peptide-specific fingerprints across independent translocation events and enable substantially improved discrimination between peptides compared with ionic-current traces obtained under the same simulation conditions. Our results suggest that localized nanopore electrometry can provide a complementary, information-rich readout of peptide charge order that is largely inaccessible to conventional current blockade-based measurement. This study establishes a simulation-guided framework for integrating nanoscale electrometry with nanopore platforms for future peptide and protein analysis.