Biology subjects

Tanwar, P.

Publications and source records attributed to Tanwar, P..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

Impedance-based assay for pan-cancer early and rapid detection of cell-free DNA

Aberrant DNA methylation is a hallmark of cancer, and plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) containing these abnormal methylation patterns has emerged as a promising non-invasive biomarker for pan-cancer detection. However, intrinsic challenges remain that continue to limit its broad clinical application. Here we show a simple and rapid impedance biosensor called Asima Rev that can detect cancer cfDNA in under 5 min without the need for any molecular labelling, electrode modification, signal amplification, or target enrichment steps. Using 216 clinical samples (50 healthy) from 15 different cancer types (all stages) we show an overall sensitivity and specificity of 96.4% and 94.0%, respectively. Differences in methylation content between cancerous and healthy cfDNA lead to distinct solvation behaviour and electro-physicochemical property that remain consistent across cancer types regardless of the distribution patterns of methyl cytosine. Our test exploits this inherent difference.

biophysics↗

bioRxiv2022

Establishment and characterisation of oviductal organoids from farm and companion animals

Organoid technology has provided us with a unique opportunity to study early human development and decipher various steps involved in the pathogenesis of human diseases. The technology is already used in clinics to improve human patient outcomes. However, limited knowledge of the methodologies required to establish organoid culture systems in domestic animals has slowed the advancement and application of organoid technology in veterinary medicine. Here, we have developed a platform to grow organoids from animal tissue samples and characterized oviductal organoids from five domestic animal species. Organoids were grown progressively from single cells derived from the enzymatic digestion of freshly collected equine, bovine, feline, canine, and porcine oviducts. The addition of WNT, TGFB, BMP, Rock, and Notch signalling pathway activators or inhibitors in the culture medium suggested remarkable conservation of the molecular signals involved in oviductal epithelial development and differentiation across species. The gross morphology of organoids from all the domestic species was initially similar. However, some differences in size, complexity, and growth rate were observed and described. Well-defined and synchronised motile ciliated cells were observed in differentiated organoids in mature populations. Histopathologically, oviductal organoids mimicked their respective native tissue. In summary, we have developed a detailed cross-species comparison of oviductal organoid models, which will be valuable for advancing assisted reproductive technologies and fertility studies in these animal species in the future. Summary sentenceOrganoids can be derived from the oviductal epithelium of cow, cat, dog, horse, and pig to advance assisted reproductive technologies in animals.

developmental biology↗

bioRxiv2021

Computational investigation reveals that the mutant strains of SARS-CoV2 are highly infectious than wildtype

Remarkable infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is due to the rapid emergence of various strains, thus enable the virus to rule the world. Over the course of SARS-CoV2 pandemic, the scientific communities worldwide are responding to newly emerging genetic variants. However, the mechanism behind the persistent infection of these variants is still not known due to the paucity of study of these variants at molecular level. In this scenario, computational methods have immense utility in understanding the molecular and functional properties of different variants. Therefore, in this study various mutants (MTs) of SpikeS1 receptor binding domain (RBD) of highly infectious SARS-CoV2 strains were carried and elucidated the protein structure and dynamics using molecular dynamics (MD) approach. MD simulation study showed that all MTs exhibited stable structures with altered functional properties. Furthermore, the binding strength of different MTs along with WT (wildtype) was revealed through protein-protein docking and observed that MTs showed high binding affinities than WT. Hence, this study shed light on the molecular basis of infection caused by different variants of SARS-CoV2, which might play an important role in to cease the transmission and pathogenesis of virus and also implicate in rational designing of a specific drug.

bioinformatics↗