TAMULY, S. | bioRxiv Science

bioRxiv2022

Toxicological Analysis of Poly-Lactide Co-Glycolide Microparticles, Chitosan Nanoparticles and Poly(Anhydride) Nanoparticles in Vero Cell

The present study was carried out to evaluate in-vitro toxicity associated with chitosan nanoparticles, poly(anhydride) nanoparticles and poly-lactide co-glycolide (PLG) microparticle in Vero cell line. The cytotoxicity of all three micro/nano-particles was assessed using different concentration. For each concentration, the confluent monolayer was treated for a period of 36-48 hours and studied for morphological alteration, live and death count etc. after the treatment. It was observed that the different concentrations of chitosan nanoparticles and Gantrez(R) nanoparticles did not have significant effect on the cell viability as evident from the non-significant difference between the OD540 of formazan product formed from MTT in treated and untreated cells. The concentration of chitosan nanoparticles and Gantrez(R) nanoparticles up to 1000 g/ml did not have any influence in cellular metabolic activities and viability. However, a reduction in the cellular viability and metabolic activities were observed when PLG microparticles were used at 1000 g/ml. At concentrations below 1000 g/ml, all the nanoparticles/microparticles were found to be safe in terms of cytotoxicity.

pharmacology and toxicology↗

bioRxiv2020

Protective efficacy of calcium phosphate nanoparticle adsorbed bivalent subunit vaccine of Pasteurella multocida against homologous challenge in mice

Swine pasteurellosis, caused by Pasteurella multocida capsular types A and D, causes heavy economic loss to the pig farmers. The vaccine presently used is abacterin of Pasteurella multocida capsular type B that is proven to be effective against bovine pasteurellosis. However, its efficacy against swine pasteurellosis is questionable. The present study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of calcium phosphate nanoparticle adjuvanted bivalent subunit vaccine prepared from Pasteurella multocida capsular types A and D along with a monovalent subunit vaccine prepared from Pasteurella multocida capsular type B in mice. The Alum precipitated bacterin vaccine was used as the control. The bivalent subunit vaccine comprising the immune components of both the capsular types showed significantly higher IgG response than either of the other two vaccines. Both the calcium phosphate nanoparticle adjuvanted vaccines could elicit 100% protection in mice against homologous challenges but the aluminum hydroxide adjuvanted bacterin vaccine could not elicit significant protection. Based on this preliminary work, it was concluded that the bivalent subunit vaccine would be a better option for immunization of swine against swine pasteurellosis. IMPORTANCE OF THE WORKThe swine pasteurellosis is an important economic disease affecting the pig population in the North-eastern part of India that contributes the major pig population. The disease is caused by Serotype A and D of Pasteurella multocida. At present the inactivated vaccine is used that is actually developed against P52 strain of serotype B:2 of Pasteurella multocida, which is mainly involved in haemorrhagic septicaemia (or bovine pasteurellosis) that affects the cattle, buffaloe, sheep and goat. As a result, the present vaccine does not give sufficient protection in pigs but gives significant protection in cattle, buffaloe, sheep and goat. Hence, there is a need of development of vaccine that can address specifically swine pasteurellosis by targeting serotype A and D of Pasteurella multocida.

microbiology↗