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Sujanthan, S.

Publications and source records attributed to Sujanthan, S..

2 recordsLinked to original sources
bioRxiv2021

Increased Brain Volumetric Measurement Precision from Multi-Site 3D T1-weighted 3T Magnetic Resonance Imaging by Correcting Geometric Distortions

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner-specific geometric distortions may contribute to scanner induced variability and decrease volumetric measurement precision for multi-site studies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether geometric distortion correction increases the precision of brain volumetric measurements in a multi-site multi-scanner study. Geometric distortion variation was quantified over a one-year period at 10 sites using the distortion fields estimated from monthly 3D T1-weighted MRI geometrical phantom scans. The variability of volume and distance measurements were quantified using synthetic volumes and a standard quantitative MRI (qMRI) phantom. The effects of geometric distortion corrections on MRI derived volumetric measurements of the human brain were assessed in two subjects scanned on each of the 10 MRI scanners and in 150 subjects with cerebrovascaular disease (CVD) acquired across imaging sites. Geometric distortions were found to vary substantially between different MRI scanners but were relatively stable on each scanner over a one-year interval. Geometric distortions varied spatially, increasing in severity with distance from the magnet isocenter. In measurements made with the qMRI phantom, the geometric distortion correction decreased the standard deviation of volumetric assessments by 35% and distance measurements by 42%. The average coefficient of variance decreased by 16% in gray matter and white matter volume estimates in the two subjects scanned on the 10 MRI scanners. Geometric distortion correction using an up-to-date correction field is recommended to increase precision in volumetric measurements made from MRI images.

bioengineering↗
bioRxiv2020

SMPD3-mediated extracellular vesicle biogenesis inhibits oligodendroglioma growth

Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutant gliomas, including oligodendroglioma (IDH-O) and astrocytoma (IDH-A), have signature slow-growth rates that are poorly understood. Here, we reveal that SMPD3, a ceramide-producing sphingomyelinase implicated as a tumor suppressor gene and involved in extracellular vesicle biogenesis, suppresses IDH-mutant tumor growth via autocrine and paracrine actions. In patients with IDH-mutant gliomas, higher SMPD3 expression levels correlate with longer survival, consistent with ceramide acting as an anti-oncometabolite. SMPD3 knock-down in patient-derived IDH-O cells enhances proliferation cell-autonomously in 2D-culture and 3D-human cerebral organoids, and accelerates tumor growth in mouse orthotopic xenografts. Supporting paracrine actions, IDH-O-derived extracellular vesicles, enriched in ribosomal proteins, induce astrocytic death in vitro. Furthermore, non-neoplastic glia in IDH-O tumors proliferate abnormally yet undergo apoptosis, concomitant with the acquisition of a translation-enriched transcriptional signature by tumor-associated oligodendrocytes. SMPD3 thus suppresses IDH-mutant glioma growth cell-autonomously and phenotypically alters normal glia via extracellular vesicle biogenesis and paracrine actions.

cancer biology↗