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Biology subjects

Sin, Y. Y.

Publications and source records attributed to Sin, Y. Y..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

Long-PDE4D degradation attenuates left ventricular cardiomyocyte hypertrophic remodelling

Spatial compartmentalisation enables cyclic AMP (cAMP) to regulate distinct cellular functions, yet selectively targeting disease-associated signalling remains challenging. Phosphodiesterases constrain local cAMP responses, but conventional inhibitors offer limited isoform selectivity. Here we investigate whether targeted degradation of long phosphodiesterase-4D (PDE4D) isoforms can suppress pathological growth while preserving contractile function. Using adult rat and human ventricular cardiomyocytes and human myocardial slices, we show that the proteolysis-targeting chimera KTX-184 enhances compartmentalised cAMP signalling and attenuates hypertrophic remodelling. In rat cardiomyocytes, KTX-184 increases {beta}-adrenergic cAMP responses in the cytosol and at the plasma membrane, including T-tubule and crest regions, and enhances nuclear protein kinase A activity. In contrast, phospholamban- and ryanodine receptor-associated cAMP nanodomains, calcium transients and sarcomere shortening remain unchanged. KTX-184 prevents angiotensin II-induced hypertrophic remodelling, preserves T-tubule organisation and normalises hypertrophic marker expression. In human cardiomyocytes, it increases cytosolic cAMP responses and prevents overload-induced hypertrophy in myocardial slices. These findings identify long PDE4D isoforms as targets for spatially selective modulation of cAMP signalling and support targeted degradation as an approach to suppress cardiac hypertrophy without increasing contractility.

pharmacology and toxicology↗

Targeting MDM2 homodimer and heterodimer disruption with DRx-098D in TP53 wild-type and mutant cancer cells

Novel pharmacological strategies capable of inhibiting pro-oncogenic MDM2 beyond its p53-dependent functions represents an increasingly attractive therapeutic strategy to treating solid and haematological cancers that are depdendent upon MDM2/MDMX, regardless of TP53 mutational status. Utilising a novel first-in-class cell-penetrating peptide disruptor of MDM2 homo- and heterodimerisation (DRx-098D), we demonstrate the anti-proliferative effect of blocking MDM2 dimerisation against a a panel of human cancer cell lines that are TP53 wild-type, mutant or null. DRx-098D elicits its anti-cancer activity via a differentiated mechanism vs. Idasanutlin (a Phase III clinical candidate MDM2-p53 small molecule inhibitor), inducing significantly superior growth inhibition against TP53 null HCT116 cells. Our preliminary data highlight, for the first time, the potential therapeutic utility of exploiting MDM2 dimerisation in TP53 wild-type and mutant cancers.

cancer biology↗

Material-Driven Fibronectin Assembly Rescues Matrix Defects due to Mutations in Collagen IV in Fibroblasts

Basement membranes (BMs) provide structural support to tissues and influence cell signaling. Mutations in COL4A1/COL4A2, a major BM component, cause eye, kidney and cerebrovascular disease, including stroke. Common variants in these genes are risk factors for intracerebral hemorrhage in the general population. However, the contribution of the matrix to the disease mechanism(s) and its effects on the biology of cells harboring a collagen IV mutation remain poorly understood. To shed light on this, we engineered controlled microenvironments using polymer biointerfaces coated with ECM proteins laminin or fibronectin (FN), to investigate the cellular phenotype of primary fibroblasts harboring a COL4A2+/G702D mutation. FN nanonetworks assembled on poly(ethyl acrylate) (PEA) induced increased deposition and assembly of collagen IV in COL4A2+/G702D cells, which was associated with reduced ER size and enhanced levels of protein chaperones such as BIP, suggesting increased protein folding capacity of cells. FN nanonetworks on PEA also partially rescued the reduced stiffness of the deposited matrix and cells, and enhanced cell adhesion through {beta}1-mediated signaling and actin-myosin contractility, effectively rescuing some of the cellular phenotypes associated with COL4A1/4A2 mutations. Collectively, these results suggest that biomaterials are able to shape the matrix and cellular phenotype of the COL4A2+/G702D mutation in patient-derived cells.

bioengineering↗