Biology subjects

Rye, M. B.

Publications and source records attributed to Rye, M. B..

5 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

Deep phenotyping of the prostate tumor microenvironment reveals molecular stratifiers of relapse and links inflammatory chemokine expression to aberrant metabolism

Understanding the molecular characteristics and changes of the tumor microenvironment (TME) associated with aggressive prostate cancer (PCa) is essential for precise diagnosis and treatment. We interrogated spatially resolved integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics data to build molecular strafiers discriminating patients with aggressive, potentially relapsing, and metastasizing PCa. We report a relapse associated (RA) gene expression signature characterized by upregulated immune response related gene expression scoring high in cancer, stroma, and glandular tissue of relapsing patients. Further, we identified a signature specific to a distinct sub-group of morphologically non-cancerous glands in prostate tissue from patients with relapsing cancer. This signature, named chemokine-enriched-gland (CEG) signature, was characterized by upregulated gene expression of pro-inflammatory chemokines. Glands with a high CEG score were enriched for club-like cells and surrounding stroma was infiltrated by immune cells. Tissue regions scoring high for both CEG and RA signatures were associated with reduced levels of citrate and zinc and loss of normal prostate secretory gland functions via reduced expression of genes necessary for citrate secretion. In summary we report that aggressive PCa is associated with an increased inflammatory status linked to chemokine production and club-like cell enrichment in potentially pre-cancerous prostate glands displaying an aberrant metabolism.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2024

Androgen deprivation therapy-resistant club cells are linked to myeloid cell-driven immunosuppression in the prostate tumor microenvironment

Prostate cancer treatment resistance is a significant challenge facing the field. Genomic and transcriptomic profiling have partially elucidated the mechanisms through which cancer cells escape treatment, but their relation toward the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains elusive. Here we present a comprehensive transcriptomic landscape of the prostate TME at multiple points in the standard treatment timeline employing single-cell RNA-sequencing and spatial transcriptomics data from 110 patients. We identify club-like cells as a key epithelial cell subtype that acts as an interface between the prostate and the immune system. Tissue areas enriched with club-like cells have depleted androgen signaling and upregulated expression of luminal progenitor cell markers. Club-like cells display a senescence-associated secretory phenotype and their presence is linked to increased polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cell (PMN-MDSC) activity. Our results indicate that club-like cells partake in inducing myeloid inflammation previously associated with androgen deprivation therapy resistance, providing a rationale for their therapeutic targeting.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2020

LSD1 represses a neonatal/reparative gene program in adult intestinal epithelium

Intestinal epithelial homeostasis is maintained by adult intestinal stem cells, which, alongside Paneth cells, appear after birth in the neonatal period. We aimed to identify new regulators of neonatal intestinal epithelial development by testing a small library of epigenetic modifier inhibitors in Paneth cell-skewed organoid cultures. We found that Lysine-specific demethylase 1A (Kdm1a/Lsd1) is absolutely required for Paneth cell differentiation. Lsd1-deficient crypts, devoid of Paneth cells, are still able to form organoids without a requirement of exogenous or endogenous Wnt. Mechanistically, we find that LSD1 represses genes that are normally expressed in fetal and neonatal epithelium. This gene profile is similar to what is seen in repairing epithelium, and indeed, we find that Lsd1-deficient epithelium has superior regenerative capacities after irradiation injury. In summary, we found an important regulator of neonatal intestinal development and identified a druggable target to reprogram intestinal epithelium towards a reparative state.

developmental biology↗

bioRxiv2018

MACPET: Model-based Analysis for ChIA-PET

We present Model-based Analysis for ChIA-PET (MACPET) which analyzes paired-end read sequences provided by ChIA-PET for finding binding sites of a protein of interest. MACPET uses information from both tags of each PET and searches for binding sites in a two-dimensional space, while taking into account different noise levels in different genomic regions. MACPET shows favorable results compared to MACS in terms of motif occurrence, spatial resolution and false discovery rate. Significant binding sites discovered by MACPET are involved in a higher number of significant 3D interactions than those discovered by MACS. MACPET is freely available on Bioconductor.

bioinformatics↗

bioRxiv2017

Cholesterol Synthesis Pathway Genes in Prostate Cancer are consistently downregulated when tissue confounding is minimized.

The relationship between cholesterol and prostate cancer has been extensively studied for decades, where high levels of cellular cholesterol are generally associated with cancer progression and less favorable outcomes. However, the role of in vivo cellular cholesterol synthesis in this process is unclear, and data on the transcriptional activity of cholesterol synthesis pathway genes in tissue from prostate cancer patients are inconsistent. A common problem with cancer tissue data from patient cohorts is the presence of heterogeneous tissue which confounds molecular analysis of the samples. In this study we present a method to minimize systematic confounding from stroma tissue in seven patient cohorts consisting of 1713 prostate cancer and 230 normal tissue samples. When confounding was minimized, differential gene expression analysis over all cohorts showed robust and consistent downregulation of nearly all genes in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. Additional analysis also identified cholesterol synthesis as the most significantly altered metabolic pathway in prostate cancer. This surprising observation is important for our understanding of how prostate cancer cells regulate cholesterol levels in vivo. Moreover, we show that tissue heterogeneity explains the lack of consistency in previous expression analysis of cholesterol synthesis genes in prostate cancer.

cancer biology↗