Biology subjects

Ru, S.

Publications and source records attributed to Ru, S..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2026

Combined Antibiotic and Herbicide Pollution Accelerates the Horizontal Transfer of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Coastal Microbial Communities

O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=112 SRC="FIGDIR/small/708170v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (51K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@4c2513org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@116256corg.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@f30846org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1a44e00_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG O_FLOATNOGraphical abstractC_FLOATNO C_FIG The extensive use of herbicides and antibiotics in aquaculture has led to compounded pollution of coastal waters, marked by the co-occurrence of herbicides, antibiotic residues, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Plasmid-mediated conjugative transfer is a major driver of the dissemination and evolution of ARGs, yet the influence of herbicides alone or in combination with antibiotics on this process in aquatic bacterial communities remains unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that triazine herbicides, alone and in combination with a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, significantly promote the conjugative transfer of the broad-host-range RP4 plasmid. Using Escherichia coli DH5 as a donor, we observed increased plasmid transfer to multiple recipients, including E. coli HB101, Pseudomonas putida KT2440, and a natural coastal seawater microbial community. The enhanced transfer under co-exposure was associated with several interacting mechanisms, including elevated intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels, increased cell membrane permeability, altered extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) composition, and upregulated expression of conjugation-related genes. Overall, this work underscores the potential role of combined herbicide and antibiotic contamination in shaping the microbial resistome of coastal ecosystems and provides insights to inform strategies for mitigating the spread of antibiotic resistance.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2025

Cytoprotective roles of "E3 ubiquitin ligases-NF-κB-autophagy" axis in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas exposed to phenanthrene

Phenanthrene (PHE), as one of the most frequently found polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons can induce immunotoxicity, oxidative stress, and endocrine disruption in marine organisms. However, whether autophagy can be induced by PHE and the regulatory mechanism and cytoprotective roles of autophagy under PHE stress condition have not been unveiled. Our data first unveil a "E3 ubiquitin ligases-NF-{kappa}B-autophagy" axis, which play cytoprotective roles in Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas exposed to PHE. The results of confocal laser scanning microscope, flow cytometry and transmission electron microscope confirmed that PHE could induce autophagy in the haemocytes of Pacific oysters, and the presence of autophagosomes was also confirmed. The proteomics results showed that the expression of the E3 ubiquitin ligase HUWE1, TRIM36, and autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7) were significantly upregulated. The expression of genes of the "axis" were significantly upregulated, and the expression of genes of autophagy was downregulated after the inhibition of the NF-{kappa}B, indicating that the expression of the "axis"-related genes can be stimulated by PHE, and thus autophagy is activated. The upregulation of the expression of "axis"-related genes in mouse macrophages, further demonstrating the existence of the "axis" proposed by this study and the "axis" can be activated by PHE. Incorporating with changes of cell number, apoptosis rate, phagocytic capacity, and ROS levels of lymphocytes, we demonstrated that autophagy plays a cytoprotective role in cellular defence against PHE. This study proposed a novel pathway and supplied a comprehensive understanding of the protective role of autophagy in Pacific oysters to cope with pollutants.

cell biology↗

bioRxiv2019

Predicted genetic gains from introgressing chromosome segments from exotic germplasm into an elite soybean cultivar

Broadening the diversity of cultivated soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] through introgression of exotic germplasm has been difficult. Our objectives were to 1) determine if introgressing specific chromosome segments (instead of quantitative trait locus alleles) from exotic soybean germplasm has potential for improving an elite cultivar, and 2) identify strategies to introgress and pyramid exotic chromosome segments into an elite cultivar. We estimated genomewide marker effects for yield and other traits in seven crosses between the elite line IA3023 and seven soybean plant introductions (PIs). We then predicted genetic gains from having [≤]2 targeted recombinations per linkage group. When introgression was modeled for yield while controlling maturity in the seven PI x IA3023 populations, the predicted yield was 8 to 25% over the yield of IA3023. Correlated changes in maturity, seed traits, lodging, and plant height were generally small but were in the favorable direction. In contrast, selecting the best recombinant inbred (without targeted recombination) in each of the PI x IA3023 populations led to negative or minimal yield gains over IA3023. In one PI x IA3023 population, introgressing and pyramiding only two linkage groups from recombinant inbreds into IA3023 was predicted to achieve an 8% yield gain over IA3023 without sacrificing the performance of other traits. The probability of inheriting intact chromosomes was high enough to allow introgression and pyramiding of chromosome segments in 5-6 generations. Overall, our study suggested that introgressing specific chromosome segments is an effective way to introduce exotic soybean germplasm into an elite cultivar.\n\nKey messageTo improve an elite soybean line, introgress longer chromosome segments instead of QTL alleles from exotic germplasm.

genetics↗