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Biology subjects

Plo, I.

Publications and source records attributed to Plo, I..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

Fibronectin silencing remodels the fibrotic bone marrow niche

Bone marrow (BM) fibrosis is a defining feature of Primary Myelofibrosis, yet the extracellular matrix (ECM) that sustains the fibrotic niche remains largely untargeted therapeutically. Fibronectin (FN), a key organizer of ECM architecture and growth factor signaling, accumulates in the fibrotic BM niche and correlates with disease severity. Here, we investigated whether systemic FN depletion can disrupt pathological remodeling of the BM niche. We developed a chemically modified antisense oligonucleotide targeting FN1 (FN ASO), which reduced FN expression and assembly and impaired transforming growth factor-{beta}1 (TGF-{beta}1)-induced activation of mesenchymal stromal cells. Systemic FN ASO administration efficiently depleted circulating and BM FN in mice and was well tolerated during short-term treatment. In two complementary models of BM fibrosis, FN silencing reduced FN matrix organization, stromal activation, active TGF{beta}-1, reticulin, and collagen deposition. In Jak2V617F-driven disease, transcriptomic profiling further revealed attenuation of ECM, TGF-{beta}1, and mesenchymal remodeling programs, accompanied by changes in inflammatory signaling. Collectively, these findings identify FN as an active organizer of the fibrotic BM niche and show that its systemic silencing uncouple ECM organization from profibrotic stromal signaling, providing rationale for targeting FN in myelofibrosis with broader therapeutic relevance to fibrosis-driven diseases.

cancer biology↗

ANKRD26 is a new regulator of type I cytokine receptor signaling in normal and pathological hematopoiesis

Sustained ANKRD26 expression associated with germline ANKRD26 mutations causes Thrombocytopenia 2 (THC2), an inherited platelet disorder associated with leukemia predisposition. Some of those patients present also erythrocytosis and/or leukocytosis. Using multiple human-relevant in vitro models (cell lines, primary patient cells and patient-derived iPSCs) we demonstrate for the first time that ANKRD26 is expressed during the early steps of erythroid, megakaryocyte and granulocyte differentiation, and is necessary for progenitor proliferation. As differentiation progresses, ANKRD26 expression is progressively silenced, to complete the cellular maturation of the three myeloid lineages. In primary cells, abnormal ANKRD26 expression in committed progenitors directly impacts the proliferation/differentiation balance for these three cell types. We show that ANKRD26 interacts with and crucially modulates the activity of MPL, EPOR and G-CSFR, three homodimeric type I cytokine receptors that regulate blood cell production. Higher than normal levels of ANKRD26 prevent the receptor internalization, which leads to increased signaling and cytokine hypersensitivity. Altogether these findings show that ANKRD26 overexpression or the absence of its silencing during differentiation are responsible for myeloid blood cell abnormalities in THC2 patients.

cell biology↗

Deciphering TP53 mutant Cancer Evolution with Single-Cell Multi-Omics

TP53 is the most commonly mutated gene in human cancer, typically occurring in association with complex cytogenetics and dismal outcomes. Understanding the genetic and non-genetic determinants of TP53-mutation driven clonal evolution and subsequent transformation is a crucial step towards the design of rational therapeutic strategies. Here, we carry out allelic resolution single-cell multi-omic analysis of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPC) from patients with a myeloproliferative neoplasm who transform to TP53-mutant secondary acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), a tractable model of TP53-mutant cancer evolution. All patients showed dominant TP53 multi-hit HSPC clones at transformation, with a leukaemia stem cell transcriptional signature strongly predictive of adverse outcome in independent cohorts, across both TP53-mutant and wild-type AML. Through analysis of serial samples and antecedent TP53-heterozygous clones, we demonstrate a hitherto unrecognised effect of chronic inflammation, which supressed TP53 wild-type HSPC whilst enhancing the fitness advantage of TP53 mutant cells. Our findings will facilitate the development of risk-stratification, early detection and treatment strategies for TP53-mutant leukaemia, and are of broader relevance to other cancer types.

cancer biology↗

Lyl-1 marks and regulates primitive macrophages and microglia development

During ontogeny, macrophages (M{Phi}) populations emerge in the Yolk Sac (YS) via two distinct progenitor waves, prior to hematopoietic stem cell development. M{Phi}-progenitors from the primitive/"early EMP" and transient-definitive/"late EMP" waves both contribute to various resident-M{Phi} populations in the developing embryonic organs. Identifying factors that modulates early stages of M{Phi}-progenitor development may lead to a better understanding of defective function of specific resident-M{Phi} subsets. Here we show that primitive macrophage (M{Phi}Prim) progenitors in the YS express Lyl-1, a bHLH transcription factor related to SCL/Tal-1. Transcriptomic analysis of YS M{Phi}-progenitors indicated that M{Phi}Prim progenitors present at embryonic day (E) 9 are clearly distinct from those present at later stages. Disruption of Lyl-1 basic helix-loop-helix domain led initially to an early increased emergence of M{Phi}Prim progenitors, and later to their defective differentiation. These defects were associated with a disrupted expression of gene sets related to embryonic patterning and neurodevelopment. Lyl-1-deficiency also induced a reduced production of mature M{Phi}/microglia in the early brain, as well as a transient reduction of the microglia pool at midgestation and in the newborn. We thus identify Lyl-1 as a critical regulator of M{Phi}Prim and microglia development, which disruption may impair resident-M{Phi} function during organogenesis. Key points1- Yolk sac primitive macrophage progenitors and microglia/Border Associated macrophages express Lyl-1. 2- Lyl-1-deficiency impairs primitive macrophage and microglia development and leads to the up-regulation of gene sets related to embryo patterning and neuro-development.

developmental biology↗