Biology subjects

Plenevaux, A.

Publications and source records attributed to Plenevaux, A..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2019

Neuro-functional correlates of protective effects of wheel-running exercise against cocaine locomotor sensitization in mice: a fallypride microPET study

Wheel-running exercise in laboratory rodents (animal model useful to study the neurobiology of aerobic exercise) decreases behavioral markers of vulnerability to addictive properties of various drugs of abuse including cocaine. However, neurobiological mechanisms underpinning this protective effect are far from being fully characterized and understood. Here, 28-day-old female C57BL/6J mice were housed with (n=48) or without (n=48) a running wheel for 6 weeks before being tested for acute locomotor responsiveness and initiation of locomotor sensitization to intraperitoneal injections of 8 mg/kg cocaine. The long-term expression of sensitization took place 3 weeks after the last session. On the day after, all mice underwent a microPET imaging session with [18F]fallypride radiotracer (dopamine 2/3 receptor (D2/3R) antagonist). Exercised mice were less sensitive to acute and sensitized cocaine hyperlocomotor effects, such attenuation being particularly well-marked for long-term expression of sensitization ({eta}2p = 0.262). Additionally, we found that chronic administrations of cocaine was associated with a clear-cut increase of [18F]fallypride binding potential in mouse striatum ({eta}2p = 0.170), presumably reflecting an increase in postsynaptic D2/3R density in this region. Finally, we found evidence that wheel-running exercise was associated with a moderate decrease in D2/3R density in striatum ({eta}2p = 0.075), a mechanism that might contribute to protective properties of such form of exercise against drugs of abuse vulnerability.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2018

Wheel-running exercise before and during gestation against acute and sensitized cocaine psychomotor-activation in offspring

While animal research has consistently reported preventive effects of exercise against drug abuse vulnerability, little is known about the influence of the developmental stage during which exercise is displayed on addictive drugs responsiveness. This study aimed to determine whether prenatal exercise could attenuate acute cocaine reactivity and psychomotor sensitization in youth offspring. We used a split-plot factorial design where C57BL/6J females were randomly assigned into sedentary or exercised (wheel-running) conditions before and during gestation, the wheels being removed on gestational day 18. Offspring were weaned, gendered and individually housed on 24-28 days old. At 38-42 days old, they were tested for their acute psychomotor responsiveness to 8 mg/kg cocaine and their initiation of sensitization over 8 additional once-daily administrations, the long-term expression of sensitization occurring 30 days later. Adolescent females born from exercised mothers were much less responsive to the acute psychomotor-stimulating effect of cocaine than those born from sedentary mothers (d = 0.75, p = .02), whereas there was no evidence for such a difference in males (d = 0.34, p = .17). However, we did not find sizeable attenuating effects of prenatal exercise on the initiation and the long-term expression of the psychomotor-activating effect of cocaine, in either sex (Cohens ds varying from -0.23 to 0.39). These results suggest that prenatal exercise may induce initial protection against cocaine responsiveness in youth females, a finding that warrants further research.

neuroscience↗