Owolabi, I. J. | bioRxiv Science

bioRxiv2025

Processing of Genomic RNAs by Dicer in Bat Cells Limits SARS-CoV-2 Replication

Bats are reservoirs for numerous viruses that cause serious diseases in other animals and humans. Several mechanisms are proposed to contribute to the tolerance of bats to these pathogens. This study investigates the response of bat cells to double-stranded RNA generated by SARS-CoV-2 replication. Here, we found the involvement of Dicer in the processing of viral genomic RNAs during SARS-CoV-2 infection. Examining RNA sequencing of infected cells, small-interfering RNA (siRNA)-like fragments were found derived from viral RNAs. Depletion of Dicer showed a reduction in these RNAs and an increase in viral loads suggesting unlike other mammals, bats may use Dicer to limit viral replication. This prompted the exploration of key dsRNA sensors in bat cells. Our analysis showed significant upregulation of OAS1 and MX1 in response to dsRNA, while PKR levels remained low, suggesting alternative dsRNA-response mechanisms are present that eschew the common PKR-based system. These results further show how bats employ distinct strategies for antiviral defense that may contribute to tolerating viral infections. They suggest the involvement of Dicer in antiviral mechanisms in bats, a function not observed in other mammals. This highlights a mechanism for bat originating viruses to evolve features that in other animals could cause extreme antiviral responses such as is seen with SARS-CoV-2. GRAPHICAL SUMMARY O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=152 SRC="FIGDIR/small/632425v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (25K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1755d68org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@475cb8org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1185813org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@13e847a_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG

molecular biology↗

bioRxiv2023

SERODIAGNOSIS OF SALMONELLA INFECTION: USING A LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL.

Salmonella infection remains a major global health problem and worsened by lack of appropriate diagnostic tools to aid early detection and teatment, particularly in low-income nations. Salmonella typhi is the most common causative agent of typhoid fever and the prevalence of this illness has been on the increase specifically in areas of poor personal hygiene and sanitation. This study was carried out to further improve the diagnosis of salmonella infection, through a mathematical regression model. An analysis was performed using the logistic regression approach and the predictability of the model was done by extracting fifteen (15) typhoid observations from the obtained samples; for the model to predict their status. The model was able to accurately predict 66.7% of the observations. This study showed an increased prevalence in typhoid fever including a significant correlation between typhoid fever and other parameters. The global burden of this illness can be minimized by proper vaccination, and prompt but appropriate diagnosis and treatment.Further studies and test-meaasures also needs to be carried out to improve diagnosis and treatment regimen.

microbiology↗