Biology subjects

Oh, I.-J.

Publications and source records attributed to Oh, I.-J..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2024

Digital Profiling of Tumor Extracellular Vesicle-associated RNAs Directly from Unprocessed Blood Plasma

Tumor-derived extracellular vesicle (tEV)-associated RNAs hold promise as diagnostic biomarkers, but their clinical use is hindered by the rarity of tEVs among non-tumor EVs. Here, we present EV-CLIP, a highly sensitive droplet-based digital method for profiling EV RNA. EV-CLIP utilizes the fusion of EVs with charged liposomes (CLIPs) in a microfluidic chip. Optimized CLIP surface charge enables exceptional sensitivity and selectivity for EV-derived miRNAs and mRNAs. This approach streamlines detection with minimal plasma volume (20 {micro}L) and eliminates the need for prior EV isolation or RNA preparation, preventing loss of EVs or RNA. In testing with 83 patient samples, EV-CLIP detected EGFR L858R and T790M mutations with high AUC values of 1.0000 and 0.9784, respectively. Its success in serial monitoring during chemotherapy highlights its potential for precise quantification of rare EV subpopulations, facilitating the exploration of single EV RNA content and enhancing understanding of diverse EV populations in various disease states. SUMMARYEV-CLIP: A highly sensitive digital method for tumor-derived EV RNA detection using undiluted blood plasma samples, promising for precise tumor management.

bioengineering↗

bioRxiv2023

Homeostatic Dysregulation of Systemic CD8+ T Cell Compartment in Lung Cancer Patients

Cancer adapts various resistance mechanisms to counteract CD8+ T cell attacks. While this suppression of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells is common within the tumor microenvironment, little is known about how tumors affect CD8+ T cells systemically. Here we show a new link between tumor-associated homeostatic dysregulation and uncontrolled differentiation of peripheral blood CD8+ T cells. These CD8+ T cells exhibited progressive alterations indicative of diminished quiescence, increased spontaneous activation, and more-differentiated proliferation-incompetent effector cells. This phenomenon was not limited to tumor-reactive cells but broadly applicable to non-specific cells, correlating with poor clinical responses to immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. These findings provide a new mechanism by which cancer impairs CD8+ T cells by dysregulating the homeostasis of systemic CD8+ T cell populations. One-Sentence SummaryCancer-associated homeostatic dysregulation accelerates uncontrolled differentiation of systemic CD8+ T cells.

immunology↗

bioRxiv2022

Predicting Lung Cancer in Korean Never-Smokers with Polygenic Risk Scores

In the last few decades, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with more than 10,000 subjects have identified several loci associated with lung cancer. Hence, recently, genetic data have been used to develop novel risk prediction tools for cancer. The present study aimed to establish a lung cancer prediction model for Korean never-smokers using polygenic risk scores (PRSs). PRSs were calculated using a thresholding-pruning-based approach based on 11 genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Overall, the odds ratios tended to increase as PRSs were larger, with the odds ratio of the top 5% PRSs being 1.71 (95% confidence interval: 1.31-2.23), and the area under the curve (AUC) of the prediction model being of 0.76 (95% confidence interval: 0.747-0.774). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the prediction model with and without PRSs as covariates were compared using DeLongs test, and a significant difference was observed. Our results suggest that PRSs can be valuable tools for predicting the risk of lung cancer.

bioinformatics↗