bioRxiv Science⌕ Search

Biology subjects

Muthumani, K.

Publications and source records attributed to Muthumani, K..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

Targeting Siglec-10/α3β1 Integrin Interactions Enhances Macrophage-Mediated Phagocytosis of Pancreatic Cancer

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in the pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) tumor microenvironment (TME) exhibit immunosuppressive phenotypes and impaired phagocytic activity, facilitating tumor progression and immune evasion. Here, we identify integrin 3{beta}1, composed of ITGA3 and ITGB1 subunits, as a sialylated glycoprotein ligand for Siglec-10, an inhibitory glyco-immune checkpoint receptor highly expressed on TAMs in PDAC. The interaction between Siglec-10 on TAMs and 3{beta}1 on PDAC cells suppresses macrophage-mediated phagocytosis, thereby promoting immune evasion. Consistently, disrupting Siglec-10 interactions with monoclonal antibodies significantly enhances macrophage phagocytosis of PDAC cells and alleviates myeloid cell-mediated inhibition of T cell proliferation and activation in vitro. In both a PDAC xenograft mouse model engrafted with human macrophages and a human Siglec-10 transgenic mouse model, targeting Siglec-10 with monoclonal antibodies reduces PDAC tumor growth. These findings suggest that Siglec-10 interactions are key mediators of TAM-driven immune evasion in PDAC and highlight the therapeutic potential of targeting these interactions to restore anti-tumor immunity. SIGNIFICANCEPancreatic tumor cells exploit integrin 3{beta}1 to engage the immunosuppressive checkpoint receptor Siglec-10 on myeloid cells, driving immune evasion, and antibody-mediated blockade of Siglec-10 restores myeloid cell-mediated anti-PDAC immunity.

immunology↗

Cloning and functional characterization of novel human neutralizing anti-interferon-alpha and anti-interferon-beta antibodies

Type I interferons (IFNs) play a pivotal role in immune response modulation, yet dysregulation is implicated in various disorders. Therefore, it is crucial to develop tools that facilitate the understanding of their mechanism of action and enable the development of more effective anti-IFN therapeutic strategies. In this study, we isolated, cloned, and characterized anti-IFN- and anti-IFN-{beta} antibodies (Abs) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of individuals treated with IFN- or IFN-{beta}, harboring confirmed neutralizing Abs. Clones AH07856 and AH07857 were identified as neutralizing anti-IFN--specific with inhibition against IFN-2a, -2b, and -K subtypes. Clones AH07859 and AH07866 were identified as neutralizing anti-IFN-{beta}1a-specific signaling, and able to block Lipopolysaccharide or S100 calcium binding protein A14-induced IFN-{beta} signaling effects. Cloned Abs bind rhesus but not murine IFNs. The specificity of inhibition between IFN- and IFN-{beta} suggests potential for diverse research and clinical applications.

immunology↗

Intradermal-delivered DNA vaccine provides anamnestic protection in a rhesus macaque SARS-CoV-2 challenge model

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has had a dramatic global impact on public health, social, and economic infrastructures. Here, we assess immunogenicity and anamnestic protective efficacy in rhesus macaques of the intradermal (ID)-delivered SARS-CoV-2 spike DNA vaccine, INO-4800. INO-4800 is an ID-delivered DNA vaccine currently being evaluated in clinical trials. Vaccination with INO-4800 induced T cell responses and neutralizing antibody responses against both the D614 and G614 SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins. Several months after vaccination, animals were challenged with SARS-CoV-2 resulting in rapid recall of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein T and B cell responses. These responses were associated with lower viral loads in the lung and with faster nasal clearance of virus. These studies support the immune impact of INO-4800 for inducing both humoral and cellular arms of the adaptive immune system which are likely important for providing durable protection against COVID-19 disease.

immunology↗