Biology subjects

Mohiuddin, M.

Publications and source records attributed to Mohiuddin, M..

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

bioRxiv2020

Engineered Heterochronic Parabiosis in 3D Microphysiological System for Identification of Muscle Rejuvenating Factors

Exposure of aged mice to a young systemic milieu revealed remarkable rejuvenation effects on aged tissues, including skeletal muscle. Although some candidate factors have been identified, the exact identity and the underlying mechanisms of putative rejuvenating factors remain elusive, mainly due to the complexity of in vivo parabiosis. Here, we present an in vitro muscle parabiosis system that integrates young- and old-muscle stem cell vascular niche on a three-dimensional microfluidic platform designed to recapitulate key features of native muscle stem cell microenvironment. This innovative system enables mechanistic studies of cellular dynamics and molecular interactions within the muscle stem cell niche, especially in response to conditional extrinsic stimuli of local and systemic factors. We demonstrate that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling from endothelial cells and myotubes synergistically contribute to the rejuvenation of the aged muscle stem cell function. Moreover, with the adjustable on-chip system, we can mimic both blood transfusion and parabiosis and detect the time-varying effects of anti-geronic and pro-geronic factors in a single organ or multi-organ systems. Our unique approach presents a complementary in vitro model to supplement in vivo parabiosis for identifying potential anti-geronic factors responsible for revitalizing aging organs.

cell biology↗

bioRxiv2019

Wnt7a-releasing synthetic hydrogel enhances local skeletal muscle regeneration and muscle stem cell engraftment

Skeletal muscle possesses efficient ability to regenerate upon minor injuries, but its capacity to regenerate is severely compromised with traumatic injuries and muscle-associated diseases. Recent evidence suggests that skeletal muscle regeneration can be accelerated by transplantation of muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) or treatment with promyogenic factors, such as Wingless-type MMTV Integrated 7a (Wnt7a) protein. Although direct intramuscular injection is the simplest method to deliver MuSCs and Wnt7a for regenerative therapy, direct injection is not viable in many clinical cases where the structural integrity is severely compromised. To address this challenge, we engineered a synthetic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogel to facilitate the co-delivery of pro-myogenic factors, such as Wnt7a, and MuSCs to skeletal muscles affected by severe trauma or muscular dystrophies. Wnt7a release rate can be controlled by modulating the polymer density of the hydrogel, and this release rate can be further accelerated through the proteolytic degradation of the hydrogel. Treating cryo-injured tibialis anterior (TA) muscles with Wnt7a-loaded hydrogels resulted in an accelerated regenerative response, measured by increased muscle fiber cross-sectional area, bulk TA mass, and number of Pax7+ MuSCs at the injury site, compared to the TA muscles treated with Wnt7a-free hydrogels. Co-delivery of Wnt7a and primary MuSCs using the synthetic hydrogel to the cryo-injured TA muscles significantly increased cellular migration during the engraftment process. This work provides a synthetic biomaterial platform for advancing treatment strategies of skeletal muscle trauma and diseases, specifically in conditions where direct intramuscular injection may be challenging.

bioengineering↗

bioRxiv2018

Critical Limb Ischemia Induces Remodeling of Skeletal Muscle Motor Unit and Myonuclear- and Mitochondrial-Domains

Critical limb ischemia, the most severe form of peripheral artery disease, leads to extensive damage and alterations in skeletal muscle homeostasis. Although recent developments towards revascularization therapies have been introduced, there has been limited research into treatments for ischemic myopathy. To elucidate the regenerative mechanism of the muscle stem cell and its niche components in response to ischemic insults, we explored interactions between the vasculature, motor neuron, muscle fiber, and the muscle stem cell. We first investigated changes in the neuromuscular junction and motor neuron innervation following a surgical hindlimb ischemia model of critical limb ischemia in mice. Along with previous findings that support remodeling of the neuromuscular junction, we report that ischemic injury also causes significant alterations to the myofiber through a muscle stem cell-mediated increase of myonuclei number per fiber, a concomitant decrease in myonuclear domain size, and an increase in relative mitochondrial content per myonucleus. These results indicate that as a regenerative response to critical limb ischemia, myofibers exhibit myonuclear expansion to allow enhanced transcriptional support and an increase in mitochondrial content for bioenergetic need of the energy-demanding tissue regeneration.

physiology↗

bioRxiv2018

Muscle Stem Cell Niche Dysregulation in Volumetric Muscle Loss Injury

Skeletal muscle has a remarkable regenerative capacity; however, after volumetric muscle loss (VML) due to traumatic injury or surgery this regenerative response is significantly diminished, causing chronic functional deficits. The critical defect size at which the muscle will not functionally recover has not yet been established and subsequently, the relative contribution of crucial muscle components, including muscle stem cells and the muscle stem cell niche, are unknown. In this study, we created VML injuries of 2, 3, or 4 mm diameter, full-thickness defects in the mouse quadriceps. The 2, 3, and 4 mm injuries resulted in a defect of 5, 15, or 30% of the quadriceps mass, respectively. At 14 and 28 days after injury, histological analyses revealed injury size-dependent differences in myofiber morphology and fibrosis; the number of small myofibers increased with increasing injury size. The results showed that the 3 mm injury was at a threshold point, as myofibers were unable to bridge the defect, there was persistent fibrosis and inflammation, and significantly increased number of myofibers with centrally located nuclei. We then further investigated the 3 mm VML for nerve and vascular regeneration. These injured muscles were accompanied by a drastic increase in denervated neuromuscular junctions (NMJ), while assessment of angiogenesis via micro-CT analysis revealed a significant increase in vascular volume primarily from small diameter vessels after VML injury. Collectively, these data indicate that the spatial and temporal control of the fibrotic and neuromotor response are critical to regeneration and could be potential therapeutic targets, as they are the most dysregulated components of the muscle stem cell niche after VML.

bioengineering↗