Biology subjects

Mattsson, C. M.

Publications and source records attributed to Mattsson, C. M..

4 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2023

Transforming the performance of runners with AI-driven training planning and daily adaptivity

Balancing intense training with adequate recovery is key for optimal athlete performance. While insufficient or excessive training can adversely impact performance, advancements in wearable technology facilitate more effective monitoring of training and readiness level. This study combined data from Garmin watches and a 9-item questionnaire (Readiness Advisor) application to evaluate the readiness during a 39-day long training period. Two groups were studied: one with daily adaptive modifications of the training according to their readiness level and another with a static regimen where no changes were made regardless of readiness level. Results indicated that the adaptive group maintained a more consistent readiness score and showed improved physiological responses and better performance metrics. In contrast, the static group displayed non-significant improvements. This suggests that adaptive training plans, driven by individualized data and AI analytics, can significantly enhance performance outcomes and physiological adaptations for runners.

physiology↗

bioRxiv2022

An equine Endothelin 3 cis-regulatory variant links blood pressure modulation to elite racing performance

A previous selective sweep analysis of horse racing performance revealed a 19.6 kb candidate region approximately 50 kb downstream of the Endothelin 3 (EDN3) gene. EDN3 and other endothelin family members are associated with blood pressure regulation in humans and other species, but similar association studies in horses are lacking. We hypothesized that the sweep region includes a regulatory element acting on EDN3 transcription, ultimately affecting blood pressure regulation and athletic performance in horses. Selective sweep fine- mapping identified a 5.5 kb haplotype of 14 SNPs shared within Coldblooded trotters (CBT) and Standardbreds (SB). Most SNPs overlapped potential transcription factor binding sites, and haplotype analysis showed significant association with all tested performance traits in CBTs and earnings in SBs. From those, two haplotypes were defined: an elite performing haplotype (EPH) and a sub-elite performing haplotype (SPH). While the majority of SNPs in the haplotype were part of the standing variation already found in pre-domestication horses, there has been an increase in the frequencies of the alternative alleles during the whole history of horse domestication. Horses homozygous for EPH had significantly higher plasma levels of EDN3, lower levels of EDN1, and lower exercise-related blood pressure compared to SPH homozygous horses. Additionally, a global proteomic analysis of plasma from EPH or SPH homozygous horses revealed higher levels of proteins involved in pathways related to immune response and complement activation in the SPH horses. This is the first study to demonstrate an association between the EDN3 gene, blood pressure regulation, and athletic performance in horses. The results advance our understanding of the molecular genetics of athletic performance, exercise-related blood pressure regulation, and biological processes activated by intense exercise. Author summaryThe horse is one of the most common species used for studying athletic performance. For centuries, horses have been used by humans for transportation, agriculture and entertainment and this has resulted in selection for various traits related to athletic performance. A previous study discovered that a genetic region close to the Endothelin3 gene was associated with harness racing performance. Endothelin3 is known to be involved in blood pressure regulation and therefore we hypothesized that this region influences blood pressure and racing performance in horses. In this study we have used additional horses and fine-mapped the candidate region and we also measured blood pressure in Coldblooded trotters during exercise. Horses with two copies of the elite-performing haplotype had higher levels of Endothelin3 in plasma, lower blood pressure and better racing performance results, compared to horses with two copies of the sub-elite performing haplotype. We also discovered that horses with the sub-elite performing haplotype had higher levels of proteins related to the immune system in plasma. This study is the first to link Endothelin3 to blood pressure regulation and performance in horses. It broadens the understanding of the biological mechanisms behind blood pressure regulation as well as inflammation and coagulation system in relation to racing performance.

genetics↗

bioRxiv2017

Physiological factors of importance for load carriage

The energy expenditure during carrying no load, 20, 35 and 50 kg at two walking speeds, 3 and 5 km h-1, was studied in 36 healthy participants, 19 men (30 {+/-} 6 yrs, 82.5 {+/-} 7.0 kg) and 17 women (29 {+/-} 6 yrs, 66.1 {+/-} 8.9 kg). Anthropometric data, leg muscle strength as well as trunk muscle endurance and muscle fibre distribution of the thigh were also obtained. To load the participant a standard backpack filled with extra weight according to the carrying weight tested was used. Extra Load Index (ELI), the oxygen uptake (VO2) during total load over no-load-exercise, was used as a proxy for load carrying ability. In addition to analyzing factors of importance for the ELI values, we also conducted mediator analyzes using sex and long term carrying experience as causal variables for ELI as the outcome value.\n\nFor the lowest load (20 kg), ELI20, was correlated with body mass but no other factors. Walking at 5 km h-1 body mass, body height, leg muscle strength and absolute VO2max were correlated to ELI35 and ELI50, but relative VO2max, trunk muscle endurance and leg muscle fibre distribution were not.\n\nSex as causal factor was evaluated in a mediator analyses with ELI50 as outcome. ELI50 at 5 km h-1 differed between the sexes. The limit for acceptable body load, 40 % of VO2max (according to [A]strand, 1967), was nearly reached for women carrying 35 kg (39%) and surpassed at 50 kg at 3 km h-1, and for men carrying 50 kg at 5 km h-1. This difference was only mediated by difference in body mass. Neither muscle fibre distribution, leg muscle strength, trunk muscle endurance and body height nor did absolute or relative VO2max explain the difference.\n\nParticipants with long term experience of heavy load carrying had significant lower ELI20 and ELI50 values than those with minor or non-experience, but none of the above studied factors could explain this difference.\n\nThe study showed that body mass and experience of carrying heavy loads are important factors for the ability to carry heavy loads.\n\nFundingThis study was founded by the Swedish Military Forces{acute} Research Authority and The Research Funds of The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences.\n\nAbbreviations

physiology↗

bioRxiv2016

Accuracy in wrist-worn, sensor-based measurements of heart rate and energy expenditure in a diverse cohort

BackgroundThe ability to measure activity and physiology through wrist-worn devices provides an opportunity for cardiovascular medicine. However, the accuracy of commercial devices is largely unknown.\n\nObjectiveTo assess the accuracy of seven commercially available wrist-worn devices in estimating heart rate (HR) and energy expenditure (EE) and to propose a wearable sensor evaluation framework.\n\nMethodsWe evaluated the Apple Watch, Basis Peak, Fitbit Surge, Microsoft Band, Mio Alpha 2, PulseOn, and Samsung Gear S2. Participants wore devices while being simultaneously assessed with continuous telemetry and indirect calorimetry while sitting, walking, running, and cycling. Sixty volunteers (29 male, 31 female, age 38 {+/-} 11 years) of diverse age, height, weight, skin tone, and fitness level were selected. Error in HR and EE was computed for each subject/device/activity combination.\n\nResultsDevices reported the lowest error for cycling and the highest for walking. Device error was higher for males,greater body mass index, darker skin tone, and walking. Six of the devices achieved a median error for HR below 5% during cycling. No device achieved an error in EE below 20 percent. The Apple Watch achieved the lowest overall error in both HR and EE, while the Samsung Gear S2 reported the highest.\n\nConclusionsMost wrist-worn devices adequately measure HR in laboratory-based activities, but poorly estimate EE, suggesting caution in the use of EE measurements as part of health improvement programs. We propose reference standards for the validation of consumer health devices (http://precision.stanford.edu/).\n\nAbbreviations

bioinformatics↗