Biology subjects

Klisch, D.

Publications and source records attributed to Klisch, D..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2023

A single-cell atlas of pig gastrulation as a resource for comparative embryology

Early mammalian gastrulations cell-fate decisions are poorly understood due to difficulties obtaining non-rodent embryos. The bilaminar disc of pig embryos mirrors humans, making them a useful proxy for studying gastrulation. Here we present a single-cell transcriptomic atlas of pig gastrulation, revealing cell-fate emergence dynamics, as well as conserved and divergent gene programs governing early porcine, primate, and murine development. We highlight heterochronicity in extraembryonic cell-type development, despite the broad conservation of cell-type-specific transcriptional programs. We apply these findings in combination with functional investigations, to outline conserved spatial, molecular, and temporal events during definitive endoderm (DE). We find early FOXA2+/TBXT-embryonic disc cells directly from DE, contrasting later-emerging FOXA2/TBXT+ node/notochord progenitors. Unlike mesoderm, none of these progenitors undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. DE/Node fate hinges on balanced WNT and hypoblast-derived NODAL, which is extinguished upon DE differentiation. These findings emphasise the interplay between temporal and topological signalling in early fate decisions during gastrulation.

developmental biology↗

bioRxiv2020

Specification and epigenetic resetting of the pig germline exhibit conservation with the human lineage

Investigations on the human germline and programming are challenging due to limited access to embryonic material. However, the pig as a model may provide insight on transcriptional network and epigenetic reprogramming applicable to both species. Here we show that during the pre- and early migratory stages pig primordial germ cells (PGCs) initiate large-scale epigenetic reprogramming, including DNA demethylation involving TET-mediated hydroxylation and potentially base excision repair (BER). There is also macroH2A1 depletion and increased H3K27me3, as well as X chromosome reactivation (XCR) in females. Concomitantly, there is dampening of glycolytic metabolism genes and re-expression of some pluripotency genes like those in preimplantation embryos. We identified evolutionarily young transposable elements and gene coding regions resistant to DNA demethylation in acutely hypomethylated gonadal PGCs, with potential for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance. Detailed insights into the pig germline will likely contribute significantly to advances in human germline biology, including in vitro gametogenesis.

developmental biology↗

bioRxiv2018

Lineage segregation, pluripotency and X-chromosome inactivation in the pig pre-gastrulation embryo

High-resolution molecular programs delineating the cellular foundations of mammalian embryogenesis have emerged recently. Similar analysis of human embryos is limited to pre-implantation stages, since early post-implantation embryos are inaccessible. Notwithstanding, we previously suggested conserved principles of pig and human early development. For further insight on pluripotent states and lineage delineation, we analysed pig embryos at single cell resolution. Here we show progressive segregation of inner cell mass and trophectoderm in early blastocysts, and then of epiblast and hypoblast in late blastocysts. We detected distinct pluripotent states, first as a short naive state followed by a protracted primed state. Dosage compensation with respect to the X-chromosome in females is attained via X-inactivation in late epiblasts. Detailed human-pig comparison is a basis towards comprehending early human development and a foundation for further studies of human pluripotent stem cell differentiation in pig interspecies chimeras.

developmental biology↗