Biology subjects

Ke, S.

Publications and source records attributed to Ke, S..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2021

Gut Microbiota predicts Healthy Late-life Aging in Male Mice

Calorie restriction (CR) extends lifespan and retards age-related chronic diseases in most species. There is growing evidence that the gut microbiota has a pivotal role in host health and age-related pathological conditions. Yet, it is still unclear how CR and the gut microbiota are related to healthy aging. Here we report findings from a small longitudinal study of male C57BL/6 mice maintained on either ad libitum or mild (15%) CR diets from 21 months of age and tracked until natural death. We demonstrate that CR results in a significant reduction in frailty index (FI), a well-established indicator of aging. We observed significant alterations in bacterial load, diversity, and compositional patterns of the mouse gut microbiota during the aging process. Interrogating the FI-related microbial features using machine learning techniques, we show that gut microbial signatures from 21-month-old mice can predict the healthy aging of 30-month-old mice with reasonable accuracy. This study deepens our understanding of the links between CR, gut microbiota, and frailty in the aging process of mice.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2021

Neuropilin-1 Mediates SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages

SARS-CoV-2 infection in human can cause medical complications across various tissues and organs. Despite of the advances to understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2, its tissue tropism and interactions with host cells have not been fully understood. Existing clinical data have suggested possible SARS-CoV-2 infection in human skeleton system. In the present study, we found that authentic SARS-CoV-2 could efficiently infect human and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) and alter the expression of macrophage chemotaxis and osteoclast-related genes. Importantly, in a mouse SARS-CoV-2 infection model that was enabled by the intranasal adenoviral (AdV) delivery of human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (hACE2), SARS-CoV-2 was found to be present in femoral BMMs as determined by in situ immunofluorescence analysis. Using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq), we characterized SARS-CoV-2 infection in BMMs. Importantly, SARS-CoV-2 entry on BMMs appeared to be dependent on the expression of neuropilin-1 (NRP1) rather than the widely recognized receptor ACE2. It was also noted that unlike brain macrophages which displayed aging-dependent NRP1 expression, BMMs from neonatal and aged mice had constant NRP1 expression, making BMMs constantly vulnerable target cells for SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, it was found that the abolished SARS-CoV-2 entry in BMM-derived osteoclasts was associated with the loss of NRP1 expression during BMM-to-osteoclast differentiation. Collectively, our study has suggested that NRP1 can mediate SARS-CoV-2 infection in BMMs, which precautions the potential impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human skeleton system.

microbiology↗

bioRxiv2020

An ancient deletion in the ABO gene affects the composition of the porcine microbiome by altering intestinal N-acetyl-galactosamine concentrations

We have generated a large heterogenous stock population by intercrossing eight divergent pig breeds for multiple generations. We have analyzed the composition of the intestinal microbiota at different ages and anatomical locations in > 1,000 6th- and 7th- generation animals. We show that, under conditions of exacerbated genetic yet controlled environmental variability, microbiota composition and abundance of specific taxa (including Christensenellaceae) are heritable in this monogastric omnivore. We fine-map a QTL with major effect on the abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae to chromosome 1q and show that it is caused by a common 2.3-Kb deletion inactivating the ABO acetyl-galactosaminyl-transferase gene. We show that this deletion is a trans-species polymorphism that is [≥]3.5 million years old and under balancing selection. We demonstrate that it acts by decreasing the concentrations of N-acetyl-galactosamine in the cecum thereby reducing the abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae strains that have the capacity to import and catabolize N-acetyl-galactosamine.

genetics↗