Biology subjects

Kanazawa, M.

Publications and source records attributed to Kanazawa, M..

5 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2023

A Pilot Study Using AI for Genetic Effects on Personality: ABO Blood Type in Japan/Korea

It is estimated that genetic factors contribute to approximately 50% of an individuals personality. However, despite this estimate, statistical analyses have yet to establish a significant and consistent relationship between personality tests and genetic factors. Conversely, a large number of individuals in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan believe in a connection between genetically determined ABO blood type and personality traits. This pilot study aimed to investigate this relationship by analyzing data from a Japanese survey (N=1,827) and a South Korean survey (N=482) using a combination of traditional statistical methods and AI. The findings demonstrated a relationship between ABO blood type and self-reported personality traits, as assessed through several single-question items, consistent with the anticipated outcomes. The findings of this study imply that the relationship between blood type and personality may extend the ABO blood type to other heritable personality traits. Additionally, this study also explores the influence of the level of interest on personality and the potential role of evolutionary psychology.

genetics↗

bioRxiv2023

Pilot Analysis of Genetic Effects on Personality Test Scores with AI: ABO Blood Type in Japan

It is estimated that genetic factors are responsible for approximately 30-60% of an individuals personality. However, statistical analyses have yet to demonstrate a significant and consistent relationship between personality tests and genetic factors. Conversely, a significant portion of individuals in Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan believe that there is a linkage between ABO blood type, which is determined genetically, and personality. This pilot study analyzed data from a large-scale survey (N=2,887) using a combination of traditional statistical methods and AI to examine this relationship. The results indicated the relationship between ABO blood type and self-reported personality traits on several single-question items, in accordance with expected outcomes. These findings suggest that this relationship may extend beyond ABO blood type and personality to encompass other inherited characteristics. The influence of the level of interest on personality and was also discussed.

genetics↗

bioRxiv2022

New Perspective on GWAS: East Asian Populations from the Viewpoint of Selection Pressure and Linear Algebra

Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS) are useful for comparing the characteristics of different human population groups. However, genomes can change rapidly over time when there is a strong selection pressure, such as a pandemic. The genetic information related to the immune system is thought to be very sensitive to such diseases. Therefore, it may be necessary to conduct not only the standard whole-genome GWAS but also a more detailed, chromosome-focused GWAS. In this study, we compared chromosomes of immune system genes to those that are not thought to be related to the immune system, and analyzed GWAS results for SNPs in each chromosome to examine the differences. In order to keep the sample conditions as identical as possible, we limited the comparisons and the analyses to a few groups for which population movements were easy to interpret, and we also made sure the sample sizes were as close as possible. We selected a population of 403 East Asian people, consisting of 104 Japanese people in Tokyo (JPT), 103 Han Chinese people in Beijing (CHB) and 105 in southern China (CHS), and 91 Korean people (KOR). PCA and Manhattan plot were used to analyze and compare the results. Japanese, Chinese, and Korean populations formed distinctly different groups, with major differences observed. Validity of PCA and Manhattan plot was also discussed using Mahalanobis distance and AI.

bioinformatics↗

bioRxiv2019

Highly efficient direct conversion of human monocytes into neuronal cells using a small molecule combination

Previous studies reported that human fibroblasts and astrocytes were successfully converted into neuronal cells by small molecules without introducing ectopic transgenes. Induced neuronal cells--reprogrammed directly from dermal fibroblasts or brain astrocytes--were obtained from some donors; however, the clinical applications of this approach would be limited because it requires an invasive biopsy to harvest enough cells for derivation. Here, we report that adult human peripheral blood monocytes may be directly converted into neuron-like cells using only a combination of small molecules without transgene integration. This method enables neuronal cell generation from TUJ1-positive cells after 3 days of induction (at over 80% conversion efficacy). These cells presented neuronal morphologies and markers, suggesting that terminally differentiated human cells may be efficiently transdifferentiated into a distantly related lineage. Overall, our study provides a strategy to develop neuronal cells directly from human adult peripheral blood monocytes using a generate transgene-free, chemical-only approach.

cell biology↗

bioRxiv2019

The association between dietary habits and periodontal disease in young adult women

BackgroundAmong middle-aged and elderly individuals, dietary habits have previously been reported to differ between patients with and without periodontal disease. However, in young adults, there are only a few reports that show a correlation between nutrient/food intake and periodontal disease. Moreover, no report has assessed the correlation between dietary habits measured by a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ) and periodontal disease. Therefore, we assessed the correlation between dietary habits, determined using a DHQ, and periodontal disease in young adult women who are likely to develop a periodontal disease.\n\nMethodsThe participants were 120 healthy, non-smoking, female college students (mean age, 20.4 {+/-} 1.1 years) from two universities who did not have any systemic disease. The participants were assessed for periodontal disease according to community periodontal index (CPI) and were divided into two groups. Subjects with a CPI code of 0, 1, or 2 were assigned to non-periodontal disease group (non-PD), and subjects with a CPI code of 3 or 4 were assigned to periodontal disease group (PD). Dietary habits were assessed using a DHQ. In addition, physical status, level of difficulty in chewing food (dietary hardness), masticatory performance, and quality of life (QoL) were assessed.\n\nResultsThe PD group had a significantly lower nutrient intake of minerals, fat, water-soluble vitamins, and dietary fiber than the non-PD group. In terms of food groups, the PD group consumed significantly lesser amounts of green and yellow vegetables than the non-PD group. In addition, the PD group consumed significantly lesser amounts of hard foods than the non-PD group.\n\nConclusionYoung adult women with a periodontal disease had a significantly lower nutrient/food intake than young adult women without a periodontal disease.

pathology↗