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Kalpachidou, T.

Publications and source records attributed to Kalpachidou, T..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

Versatile Functional Interaction between Electrically Silent KV Subunits and KV7 Potassium Channels

Voltage-gated K+ (KV) channels govern K+-ion flux across cell membranes in response to changes in membrane potential. They are formed by the assembly of four subunits, typically from the same family. Electrically silent KV channels (KVS), however, are unable to conduct currents on their own. It has been assumed that these KVS must obligatorily assemble with subunits from the KV2 family into heterotetrameric channels, thereby giving raise to currents distinct from those of homomeric KV2 channels. Herein, we show that KVS subunits indeed also modulate the activity, biophysical properties and surface expression of recombinant KV7 isoforms in a subunit-specific manner. Employing co-immunoprecipitation, and proximity labelling, we unveil the spatial coexistence of KVS and KV7 within a single protein complex. Electrophysiological experiments further indicate functional interaction and probably heterotetramer formation. Finally, single-cell transcriptomic analyses identify native cell types in which this KVS and KV7 interaction may occur. Our finding demonstrate that KV cross-family interaction is much more versatile than previously thought - possibly serving nature to shape potassium conductance to the needs of individual cell types.

neuroscience↗

IL-4 shaping glutamatergic synapse like structures for more mature iPSC derived neuron phenotypes

The prototypical pleiotropic anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-4 not only acts on immune cells but also has important roles in the nervous system mediating antinociception and neuroregeneration. Therefore, we explored the expression of IL-4, its receptors IL4RA and IL13RA1 and downstream signaling components together with morphological and functional assays as well as transcriptomic profiling in human nociceptors differentiating from induced pluripotent stem cells (iNocs). IL-4 induced de novo formation of synaptic boutons immunoreactive for vesicular glutamate transporter vGLUT1 in iNocs which express both, components of the IL-4 receptor complex (IL-4RA and IL-13RA1) and signaling machinery (Jak1/2, STAT6, PKC isoforms, translation factor EiF4E) during differentiation. Pharmacological inhibition of these translational or cellular signaling components reduced the synaptogenic effect. IL-4 induced distinct transcriptomic changes associated with biological process ontologies for "neuron projection development", "axonogenesis" and "synapse", "cellular process involved in reproduction in multicellular organism", "regulation of membrane potential" and "calcium ion transmembrane transport". This partially reflected injury-induced transcriptional changes of mouse nerve injury models which contribute to regenerative processes in peripheral nerve but possibly also to reconnecting primary afferent neurons to their projections in the spinal dorsal horn and indicates a critical role for IL-4 in the control of developing and established neuronal networks.

neuroscience↗

NOCICEPTRA: Gene and microRNA signatures and their trajectories characterizing human iPSC-derived nociceptor maturation

Nociceptors are primary afferent neurons serving the reception of acute pain but also the transit into maladaptive pain disorders. Since native human nociceptors are hardly available for mechanistic functional research, and rodent models do not necessarily mirror human pathologies in all aspects, human iPSC-derived nociceptors (iDN) offer superior advantages as a human model system. Unbiased mRNA::microRNA co-sequencing, immunofluorescence staining and qPCR validations, revealed expression trajectories as well as miRNA target spaces throughout the transition of pluripotent cells into iDNs. mRNA and miRNA candidates emerged as regulatory hubs for neurite outgrowth, synapse development and ion channel expression. The exploratory data analysis tool NOCICEPTRA is provided as a containerized platform to retrieve experimentally determined expression trajectories, and to query custom gene sets for pathway and disease enrichments. Querying NOCICEPTRA for marker genes of cortical neurogenesis revealed distinct similarities and differences for cortical and peripheral neurons. The platform provides a public domain neuroresource to exploit the entire data sets and explore miRNA and mRNA as hubs regulating human nociceptor differentiation and function.

neuroscience↗