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Jirinec, V.

Publications and source records attributed to Jirinec, V..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

Predicting Bird Distributions Under Global Change

An introduction to predictive distribution modelling for conservation to encourage novel perspectives. The rapid pace and potentially irreversible consequences of global change create an urgent need to predict the spatial responses of biota for conservation to better inform the prioritization and management of terrestrial habitats and prevent future extinctions. Here, we provide an accessible entry point to the field to guide near-future work building predictive species distribution models (SDMs) by synthesizing a technical framework for the proactive conservation of avian biodiversity. Our framework offers a useful approach to navigate the challenges surrounding the large spatio-temporal resolution of datasets and datasets that favor hypothesis testing at broad spatio-temporal scales and coarse resolutions, which can affect our ability to assess the validity of current predicted distributions. We explain how to improve the accuracy of predictive models by determining the extent to which: 1) dispersal limitation impacts the rate of range shifts, 2) taxa are rare at their range limits, and 3) land use and climate change interact. Finally, we offer approaches to filling knowledge gaps by creatively leveraging existing methods and data sources. RESUMENUna introduccion a la modelizacion predictiva de la distribucion para la conservacion con el fin de fomentar nuevas perspectivas. El rapido ritmo y las consecuencias potencialmente irreversibles del cambio global crean una necesidad urgente de predecir las respuestas espaciales de la biota para la conservacion, con el fin de informar mejor la priorizacion y gestion de los habitats terrestres y prevenir futuras extinciones. Aqui proporcionamos un punto de entrada accesible al campo para guiar el trabajo del futuro proximo en la construccion de modelos predictivos de distribucion de especies (SDM), sintetizando un marco tecnico para la conservacion proactiva de la biodiversidad aviar. Nuestro marco ofrece un enfoque util para navegar por los retos que rodean a la gran resolucion espacio-temporal de los conjuntos de datos y a los conjuntos de datos que favorecen la comprobacion de hipotesis a escalas espacio-temporales amplias y resoluciones gruesas, lo que puede afectar a nuestra capacidad para evaluar la validez de las distribuciones predichas actuales. Explicamos como mejorar la precision de los modelos predictivos determinando hasta que punto 1) la limitacion de la dispersion influye en el ritmo de los cambios de area de distribucion, 2) los taxones son raros en los limites de su area de distribucion, y 3) el uso del suelo y el cambio climatico interactuan. Por ultimo, proponemos enfoques para colmar las lagunas de conocimiento aprovechando de forma creativa los metodos y fuentes de datos existentes.

ecology

Climate trends and behavior of an avian forest specialist in central Amazonia indicate thermal stress during the dry season

Rainforest loss threatens terrestrial insectivorous birds throughout the worlds tropics. Recent evidence shows these birds to be declining in undisturbed Amazonian rainforest, possibly due to climate change. Here, we first addressed whether Amazonian terrestrial insectivores were exposed to climate change using 38 years of climate data. We found that climate has changed in central Amazonia, especially in the dry season, which was [~]1.3{degrees}C hotter and 21% drier in 2019 than in 1981. Second, to test whether birds actively avoided hot and dry conditions, we used field sensors to identify ambient extremes and prospective microclimate refugia within undisturbed rainforest from 2017 - 2019. Simultaneously, we examined how tagged Black-faced Anthrushes (Formicarius analis) used this space. We collected 1.4 million field measurements quantifying ambient conditions in the forest understory, including along elevation gradients. For 11 birds, we obtained GPS locations to test whether birds adjusted their shelter use (n = 2,724) or elevation (n = 640) across seasonal and daily cycles. For four additional birds, we collected >180,000 light and temperature readings to assess exposure. Field measurements in the modern landscape revealed that temperature was higher in the dry season and highest on plateaus. Thus, low-lying areas were relatively buffered, providing microclimate refugia during hot afternoons in the dry season. At those times, birds entered shelters and shifted downslope, reducing their thermal exposure by 50%. Because climate change intensifies the hot, dry conditions that antthrushes avoid, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that climate change lowers habitat quality for terrestrial insectivores. This sensitivity may be related to their declines within undisturbed Amazonian rainforest.

ecology