Biology subjects

Israr, M.

Publications and source records attributed to Israr, M..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2021

Sex Identification in Cattle, based on Amelogenin Gene

Sex identification is considered an important step in the field of forensic sciences, wildlife and livestock breeding management. In the current experiment we used Amelogenin gene as a biological marker for polymerase chain reaction test to identify the sex of cattle from blood remnants, collected at slaughter house. Due to the conserved region of the gene on both sex chromosomes (X and Y) a single primers pair was employed to amplify the gene in a single polymerase chain reaction. In case of band patterns, a 178 base pair fragment for AMELY and a 241 base pair fragment for AMELX genes were produced. The primers competence and exactness was initially checked on known gender cattle samples and then applied to unknown cattle samples for the validation of the experiment. PCR amplicons of unknown gender showed only one band (241-bp) for female DNA and two bands (241-bp, 178-bp) for male DNA, on the platform of agarose gel upon electrophoresis. Our findings showed that the PCR protocol based on AMELX/Y gene is a reliable technique for the identification of cattle sex.

zoology↗

bioRxiv2021

Genomic miscellany and allelic frequencies of Plasmodium falciparum msp-1, msp-2 and glurp in parasite isolates

The genomic miscellany of malaria parasites can inform the intensity of transmission and identify potential deficiencies in malaria control programs. The aim of this study was to investigate the genomic miscellany, allele frequencies and multiplicity of infection (MOI) of P. falciparum. MethodsA total of 85 isolates from patients presenting to the local health centers with P. falciparum species were collected from 2017 to 2019. Parasite DNA was extracted from a total of 200 {micro}l whole blood per patient using the Qiagen DNA extraction kit according to manufactures instructions. The polymorphic region of msp-1, msp-2 and glurp loci were genotyped by using nested polymerase chain reactions followed by gel electrophoresis for fragment analysis. ResultsGenetic diversity and allelic frequencies of msp-1, msp-2 and glurp were identified in 85 blood samples. A total of 62 msp alleles were detected in which 30 for msp-1 and 32 for msp-2. For msp-1 the successful amplification occurred in (75/85) 88.23% isolates for msp-1, 78.9% (67/85) for msp-2 and 70% (60/85) for glurp. For msp-1, the K1 allelic family was predominant at 66.66% (50/75), followed by RO33 and MAD20. The frequency of samples having only K1, MAD20 and RO33 were 21.34% (16/75), 8% (6/75) and 10.67% (8/75) respectively. In msp-2, the FC27 allelic family was the most abundant with 70.14% (47/67) compared to 3D7 with 67.16% (45/67). Nine glurp RII region genotypes were identified. The overall mean multiplicity of infection was 2.6 with1.8 and 1.4 for msp-1 and msp-2 respectively while for glurp RII genes (MOI=1.03). There was no significant association between multiplicity of infection and age group (Spearmans rank coefficient = 0.050; P = 0.6). There was significant correlation between MOI and parasite density for msp-2 allelic family. ConclusionOur study showed high genetic diversity and allelic frequency with multiple clones of msp-1, msp-2 and glurp in P. falciparum isolates from malaria patients in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. In the present study the genotype data provided the valuable information which is essential for monitoring the impact of malaria eradication efforts in this region.

zoology↗

bioRxiv2021

Designing Novel and Potent Inhibitors for Multi Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Computational Approach

Tuberculosis is a major global health problem and is still among the top 10 causes of death. The increasing rate of drug resistance to infectious agents has provoked an urgent need to discover novel anti-tuberculosis agents with novel modes of action. In this study, small molecule inhibitors of the proteins encoded by the drug resistant genes, i.e., katG, gyrA, pncA and rpoB of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), were identified using computational methods. In the ligand base pharmacophore, an already reported four ligands for the four proteins encoded by the resistant genes of M. tuberculosis were selected for the generation of pharmacophores. The validated pharmacophores model of all the four proteins, generated on the basis of ligand base, were selected for further screening of ZINC drug like database. As screening results 486 structurally diverse hits for katG, 542 for PncA, 112 for rpoB and 365 for gyrA were mapped and filtered via Lipinskis rule of five. Finally, on the basis of docking score and binding interactions, ten small molecules were selected for each protein as novel inhibitors. These selected novel inhibitors have significant interaction with the active site of the protein and a strong possibility to act as an additional starting opinion in the development of new and potential inhibitors. The result indicates that novel inhibitors could be a promising lead compound and be effective in treating sensitive as well as multi drug resistant tuberculosis.

bioinformatics↗