Biology subjects

Hossain, F. B.

Publications and source records attributed to Hossain, F. B..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2019

Double burden of malnutrition in children aged 24-59 months by socioeconomic status in five South Asian countries: evidence from Demographic and Health Surveys

BackgroundDeveloping countries are now facing double burden of undernutrition and overnutrition among children and adults. We aimed to explore the double burden of malnutrition among children aged 24-59 months by households socioeconomic status in South Asian context.\n\nMethodsChildren with valid information on height and weight from the latest Demographic and Health Survey from Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, Maldives, and Nepal were included in this study. Underweight and overweight were defined according to definitions of World Health Organisation and International Obesity Task Force, respectively. We used multiple logistic regressions to estimate the association of socioeconomic status with childhood underweight and overweight.\n\nResultsSouth Asian countries had significant burden of underweight, ranging from 19% in Maldives to 38% in India. Bangladesh, India, and Nepal had prevalence of overweight between 2% and 4%, whereas Pakistan and Maldives had prevalence of 7% and 9%, respectively. Households with higher wealth index and education were consistently associated with lower odds of underweight children. When compared to poorest households, richest households had higher odds of being overweight in Bangladesh (OR 1.96, 95% CI 1.27-3.02) and India (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.41-1.66) while lower odds of being overweight in Pakistan (OR 0.22, 95% CI 0.14-0.34). Households with higher education were more likely to have overweight children in Bangladesh and India.\n\nConclusionsChildhood underweight is associated with lower socioeconomic conditions while there is a substantial burden of childhood overweight in higher socioeconomic groups. These disparities by socioeconomic conditions should be considered while developing national nutrition programs and strategies.\n\nKEY MESSAGESO_LIIn South Asia, there is a substantial burden of undernutrition among under-five children while a differential burden of overnutrition is also seen.\nC_LIO_LIHousehold wealth and educational attainment were inversely associated with childhood underweight.\nC_LIO_LIChildren in households with higher levels of wealth and educational attainment were more likely to be overweight in Bangladesh and India, while evidence supporting such association was not clear for other South Asian countries.\nC_LIO_LIThe urban-rural difference in the burden of childhood underweight and overweight can be explained by the distributions of households socioeconomic status.\nC_LI

epidemiology↗

bioRxiv2019

Association between body mass index (BMI) and hypertension in South Asian population: Evidence from Demographic and Health Survey

Although there has been a well-established association between adiposity and hypertension, whether such associations are heterogeneous for South Asian populations or for different socioeconomic groups is not well-known. We analysed the recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from Bangladesh, India, and Nepal to estimate the age-specific prevalence of hypertension and the association of body mass index (BMI) with hypertension. We used multiple logistic regressions to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of hypertension for overweight and obesity as well as for each 5-unit increase in BMI. The overall prevalence for hypertension among participants aged 35-44 years were 17.4%, 20%, and 22.5% for Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, respectively. For all age groups, men were more likely to be hypertensive than women in India and Nepal, but not in Bangladesh. Overweight and obesity were associated with higher odds of hypertension in all countries. For each 5 kg/m2 increase in BMI, the ORs for hypertension were 1.79 (95% CI: 1.65-1.93), 1.59 (95% CI: 1.58-1.61), and 2.03 (95% CI: 1.90-2.16) in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, respectively. The associations between BMI and hypertension were consistent across various subgroups defined by sex, age, urbanicity, educational attainment and households wealth index. Our study shows that the association of BMI with hypertension is stronger for South Asian populations, and public health measures to reduce population-level reduction in BMI would also help in lowering the burden of hypertension.

epidemiology↗

bioRxiv2019

Low birth weight in Bangladesh and associated maternal and socioeconomic factors: results from a recent nationally-representative survey

ObjectivesLittle is known about the relative contributions of maternal and socioeconomic factors on low birth weight in Bangladesh and whether they differ by sex. We examined the prevalence and associated maternal and socioeconomic factors of low birth weight separately among boys and girls. Design and settingsThis is a cross-sectional study based on the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014. ParticipantsA total of 4728 children with information on birth size were included in this study. Outcome measureLow birth weight was defined according to mothers perception of birth size of their children. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between maternal and socioeconomic factors with low birth weight. ResultsThe overall prevalence of low birth weight was 17.8% among boys and 22.4% among girls. Low birth weight was associated with maternal factors like maternal age of <20 years at birth (adjusted OR vs. 20-29 years: 1.40, 95% CI 1.09-1.78), and maternal undernutrition (adjusted OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05-1.69) among boys while only the association with maternal undernutrition was significant among girls. The association for no antenatal care visit was explained by socioeconomic factors. Lower level of mothers education and poorest wealth index were found to be associated with low birth weight in both sexes. ConclusionOur study identifies that maternal factors are associated with increased risk of having low birth weight babies, which cannot be explained by socioeconomic factors, and vice versa. Community-based interventions to reduce low birth weight in Bangladesh should focus on these factors. Strengths and limitations of this studyO_LITo the best of our knowledge our study is the first study in Bangladesh that has looked at the factors for low birth weight separately among boys and girls. C_LIO_LIWe used multiple logistic regression to examine the associations of maternal and socioeconomic factors with low birth weight in a large and nationally-representative sample. C_LIO_LIThis study is limited because we used mothers perception of childs size at birth to define low birth weight. C_LIO_LIWe did not have information about gestational age and thereby could not take prematurity into account in our study. C_LI

epidemiology↗