Biology subjects

Herzog, H.

Publications and source records attributed to Herzog, H..

2 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2020

The Vagus Nerve Mediates the Physiological but not Pharmacological Effects of PYY3-36 on Food Intake

Peptide YY (PYY3-36) is a post-prandially released gut hormone with potent appetite-reducing activity mediated by the neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y2 receptor (Y2R). However, the neuronal pathways by which PYY3-36 acts to supress appetite are unclear. Determining how the PYY3-36 system physiologically regulates food intake may help exploit its therapeutic potential. Here we demonstrate that germline and post-natal targeted knockdown of the Y2R in the afferent vagus nerve inhibits the anorectic effects of physiologically-released PYY3-36, but not peripherally-administered higher doses. Post-natal knockdown of the Y2R results in a transient body weight phenotype that is compensated for in the germline model. Loss of vagal Y2R signalling also alters meal patterning and accelerates gastric emptying. These results may facilitate the design of PYY-based anti-obesity agents. O_FIG O_LINKSMALLFIG WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=98 SRC="FIGDIR/small/241851v1_ufig1.gif" ALT="Figure 1"> View larger version (25K): org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@bef424org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@8e7d68org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@cb6757org.highwire.dtl.DTLVardef@1edb059_HPS_FORMAT_FIGEXP M_FIG C_FIG

physiology↗

bioRxiv2020

Excitatory-Inhibitory Balance within EEG Microstates and Resting-state fMRI Networks: Assessed via Simultaneous PET-MR-EEG Imaging

The symbiosis of neuronal activities and glucose energy metabolism is reflected in the generation of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) signals. However, their association with the balance between neuronal excitation and inhibition (E/I-B), which is closely related to the activities of glutamate and GABA ({gamma} -aminobutyric acid) and the receptor availability (RA) of GABAA and mGluR5, remains unexplored. This study investigates these associations during the resting state (RS) condition using simultaneously recorded PET/MR/EEG (trimodal) data. Glucose metabolism and neuroreceptor binding availability (non-displaceable binding potential (BPND)) of GABAA and mGluR5 were found to be significantly higher and closely linked within core resting-state networks (RSNs). The neuronal generators of EEG microstates and the fMRI measures were most tightly associated with the BPND of GABAA relative to mGluR5 BPND and the glucose metabolism, emphasising a predominance of inhibitory processes within in the core RSNs at rest.

neuroscience↗