Behavioural and molecular characterisation of the Dlg2 haploinsufficiency rat model of genetic risk for psychiatric disorder
Genetic studies implicate disruption to the DLG2 gene in copy number variants as increasing risk for schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders and intellectual disability. To investigate psychiatric endophenotypes associated with DLG2 haploinsufficiency (and concomitant PSD-93 protein reduction) a novel clinically relevant Dlg2+/- rat was assessed for abnormalities in anxiety, sensorimotor gating, hedonic reactions, social behaviour, and locomotor response to the N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid receptor antagonist phencyclidine. Dlg gene and protein expression were also investigated to assess model validity. Reductions in PSD-93 messenger RNA and protein were observed in the absence of compensation by other related genes or proteins. Behaviourally Dlg2+/- rats show potentiated locomotor response to phencyclidine, as is typical of psychotic disorder models, in the absence of deficits in the other behavioural phenotypes assessed here. This shows that the behavioural effects of Dlg2 haploinsufficiency may specifically relate to psychosis vulnerability but are subtle, providing a contrast to the gross deficits in Dlg2 homozygous models (Winkler, et al., 2018; Yoo et al., 2020a) which do not so specifically model the single chromosome DLG2 deletion in carriers of risk-associated copy number variants.