Biology subjects

Gonzalez-Olvera, J. J.

Publications and source records attributed to Gonzalez-Olvera, J. J..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2018

Patterns of reduced cortical thickness and striatum pathological morphology in cocaine addiction.

Substance addiction is regarded as an important public health problem, perpetuated by fronto-striatal circuit pathology. A usual finding in neuroimaging human and murine studies is cortical thinning and lower volume when compared to healthy controls. In this study we wished to replicate cortical thinning findings and find if striatum morphology may explain the cortical pathology. For this we analyzed T1w neuroimaging data from an ongoing addiction Mexican dataset. This dataset includes cocaine addicts diagnosed by expert psychiatrists and healthy controls. For the analysis we used voxel-based morphometry, cortical thickness and volumetric analysis of the basal ganglia, and we correlated striatum volume with cortical thickness to find pathological patterns. Our group contrast showed cortical thinning and striatum volume differences in cocaine addicts correlated to their years of substance use, craving and age. Our correlation between striatum-cortex morphology showed higher significant correlations in healthy controls, not observed in cocaine addicts. The correlation between striatum volume and cortical thickness in healthy controls involved similar areas as those shown with less cortical thickness in cocaine addicts. We suggest that striatum morphological changes in addiction may explain the pattern of cortical thinning observed across several substances addiction studies.\n\nResearch Data Related to this SubmissionData set https://zenodo.org/record/1409808#.W5E3oCOZPIF Patterns of reduced cortical thickness and striatum pathological morphology in cocaine addiction\n\nThis dataset includes all the data and scripts needed to reproduce the analysis and results on the manuscript \"Patterns of reduced cortical thickness and striatum pathological morphology in cocaine addiction\" (link). The brain data is not raw, as T1w were not defaced. We will do so in the near future for version 2.0. Instead we include only the \"output/thickness\" files used in the final analysis. For the use of raw T1w images, please contact the main author EAGV.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2018

Borderline personality disorder with cocaine dependence: impulsivity, emotional dysregulation and amygdala functional connectivity

Objective: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is present in 19% of cocaine dependence (CD) cases; however, this dual pathology (DP) is poorly understood. We assessed impulsivity, emotional dysregulation (ED) and amygdala functional connectivity in this DP.\n\nMethods. We recruited 69 participants divided into 4 groups: DP (n = 20), CD without BPD (n = 19), BPD without CD (n = 10) and healthy controls (HC, n = 20). We used self-reported instruments to measure impulsivity and ED. We acquired resting state fMRI and performed seed-based analyses of functional connectivity (FC) of bilateral amygdalas.\n\nResults. BPD and CD factors had opposing effects in impulsivity and ED, as well as on FC between left amygdala and medial prefrontal cortex. For the FC between right amygdala and left insula, the effect of having both disorders was additive, reducing FC strength. Significant FC clusters were correlated with impulsivity and ED.\n\nConclusions. In this preliminary study, we found that clinical scores of DP patients were closer to those of BPD without CD than to those of CD without BPD, while amygdala to medial prefrontal cortex FC patterns in DP patients were closer to HC than expected.

neuroscience↗

bioRxiv2017

Similar clinical improvement and maintenance after rTMS at 5 Hz using a simple vs. complex protocol in Alzheimer’s disease

BrackgroundCurrent treatments for Alzheimers disease (AD) have a limited clinical response and methods, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), are being studied as possible treatments for the clinical symptoms with positive results. However, there is still seldom information on the type of rTMS protocols that deliver the best clinical improvement in AD.\n\nObjetiveTo compare the clinical response between a simple stimulation protocol on the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (lDLPFC) against a complex protocol using six regions of interest.\n\nMethods19 participants were randomized to receive any of the protocols. The analysis of repeated measures evaluated the change.\n\nResultsBoth protocols were equally proficient at improving cognitive function, behavior and functionality after 3 weeks of treatment, and the effects were maintained for 4 weeks more without treatment.\n\nConclusionWe suggest rTMS on the lDLPFC could be enough to provide a clinical response, and the underlying mechanisms should be studied.

clinical trials↗