Biology subjects

Ginguta, A.

Publications and source records attributed to Ginguta, A..

3 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2026

Genomic landscape of the medieval Hungarian elite from the Szekesfehervar royal necropolis

We analyzed 399 shotgun genomes from the Royal Basilica of Szekesfehervar, representing the elite of the Medieval Hungarian Kingdom. Our results reveal that the Carpathian Basin population underwent a marked homogenization during the Middle Ages, driven largely by admixture with eastern immigrant groups, especially the conquering Hungarians, resulting in a genomic landscape distinct from that of the surrounding European populations. The European ancestry component also shifted: the Avar-period Balkan element disappeared, while northern and northwestern European ancestry increased, likely reflecting changing political connections. We identified a previously unrecognized Conquest-period stratum at the site, including two individuals closely related to the Arpad dynasty. No large, continuous kinship networks were detected, indicating a dynamic and continuously renewed elite. At the population level, the strongest affinities were observed with the Conq_Asia_Core group and its ancestor, the Karayakupovo horizon, as well as with medieval populations from neighboring regions (present-day Croatia, Serbia, Slovakia, Poland, and Montenegro), reflecting the diverse sources of the medieval Hungarians.

genetics↗

bioRxiv2024

Unveiling the Origins and Genetic Makeup of the 'Forgotten People': A Study of the Sarmatian-Period Population in the Carpathian Basin

SO_SCPLOWUMMARYC_SCPLOWThe nomadic Sarmatians dominated the Pontic Steppe from 3rd century BCE and the Great Hungarian Plain from 50 CE until the Huns 4th-century expansion. In this study, we present the first large-scale genetic analysis of 156 genomes from 1st- to 5th-century Hungary and the Carpathian foothills. Our findings reveal minor East Asian ancestry in the Carpathian Basin (CB) Sarmatians, distinguishing them from other regional populations. Using F4-statistics, qpAdm, and IBD analysis, we show that CB Sarmatians descended from Steppe Sarmatians originating in the Ural and Kazakhstan regions, with Romanian Sarmatians serving as a genetic bridge between the two groups. We also identify two previously unknown migration waves during the Sarmatian era and a notable continuity of the Sarmatian population into the Hunnic period, despite a smaller influx of Asian-origin individuals. These results shed new light on Sarmatian migrations and the genetic history of a key population neighbouring the Roman Empire.

genetics↗

bioRxiv2024

Archaeogenetic analysis revealed East Eurasian paternal origin to the Aba royal family of Hungary

The Aba family played a pivotal role in the early history of Medieval Hungary dominating extensive territories and giving rise to influential figures. We conducted an archaeogenetic examination of remains uncovered at the necropolis in Abasar, the political centre of the Aba clan, to identify Aba family members and shed light on their genetic origins. Utilizing Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) data from 19 individuals, complemented by radiocarbon measurements, we identified 6 members of the Aba family who shared close kinship relations. Our analysis revealed that 4 males from this family carried identical N1a1a1a1a4[~] haplogroups. Significantly, our phylogenetic investigation traced this royal paternal lineage back to Mongolia, strongly suggesting its migration to the Carpathian Basin with the conquering Hungarians. Genome analysis, incorporating ADMIXTURE, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and qpAdm, revealed East Eurasian patterns in the studied genomes, consistent with our phylogenetic results. Shared Identity by Descent (IBD) analysis confirmed the family kinship relations and shed light on further external kinship connections. It revealed that members of the Aba family were related to members of prominent Hungarian medieval noble families the Arpads, Bathorys and Corvinus as well as to the first-generation immigrant elite of the Hungarian conquest.

genetics↗