Biology subjects

Garzon, R.

Publications and source records attributed to Garzon, R..

7 recordsLinked to original sources

bioRxiv2026

Tirzepatide preserves hematopoietic stem and progenitor cycling while remodeling inflammatory monocytes in obese mice

Obesity expands myeloid progenitors, myelopoiesis and increases the production of monocytes. While weight loss (WL) alleviates aspects of this inflammatory dysregulation, it is not known whether GLP-1 receptor agonists or other traditional modalities of WL differentially modify hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs), hematopoiesis, or inflammatory cell production. To test this, we compared the hematopoietic compartment in lean, obese and weight-reduced mice from tirzepatide treatment and caloric restriction (CR) implemented to match the body weight in both groups. At equal WL, we found CR induced multilineage cytopenias, whereas tirzepatide preserved blood lineages while specifically reducing classical Ly6Chi CCR2+ monocytes. To define the mechanisms underlying these changes we performed single-cell mRNA sequencing of bone marrow HSPCs and mature mononuclear blood cells. CR-HSPCs suppressed gene sets associated with nutrient sensing, proliferation and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and exhibited lower inferred cell cycle activity, whereas tirzepatide-HSPCs attenuated these changes. Unlike CR, we found that across progressively differentiated cells from HSPCs to mature blood monocytes, tirzepatide increasingly suppressed OXPHOS and simultaneously shifted the maturation spectrum away from classical monocytes. Following six weeks of tirzepatide withdrawal and weight regain, Ly6Chi CCR2+ monocytes rebounded to levels seen in obese mice. These findings suggest that tirzepatide uncouples WL from the broad hematopoietic suppression seen in CR by preserving progenitor activity but selectively remodeling inflammatory/classical monocytes. We demonstrate that WL modality differentially impacts hematopoietic adaptation and provide evidence that classical monocytes are an effector cell through which tirzepatide may dampen obesity-associated inflammation.

immunology↗

bioRxiv2025

A tumor suppressor role of the miR-15b/16-2 cluster in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy arising from the neoplastic transformation of immature T cells during their development in the thymus. Deciphering the developmental programs whose dysregulation leads to T-ALL pathogenesis is critical for the development of novel targeted therapies, which remain an urgent unmet need for the treatment of this disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key post-transcriptional regulators of numerous physiological processes and cancer. However, the specific role of miRNAs in human T-cell development and T-ALL pathogenesis remains largely unexplored. In this study, we comprehensively evaluated miRNA expression profiles across human T-cell development by microarray analysis and identified a dynamic expression pattern of miR-16-2, which is upregulated across early pre-T cell proliferative stages up to the resting stage of immature thymocytes immediately preceding TCR{beta} expression, and decreased thereafter. We confirmed the coordinated regulation of miR-15b expression, consistent with the reported clustered genomic location of both miRNAs. Notably, functional studies identified the miR-15b/16-2 cluster as a negative regulator of early thymocyte proliferation, and showed that overexpression of miR-15b/16-2 in T-ALL cells impaired leukemic growth in vitro and tumor progression in patient-derived xenotransplantation assays. Mechanistically, miR-15b/16-2 expression represses the genes encoding BCL-2 and CYCLIN D3, leading to T-ALL apoptosis and cell cycle dysregulation, with an accumulation of G0-phase cells and a defective transition to the G2/M phase. Overall, these findings support a novel function for miR-15b/16-2 as tumor suppressors in T-ALL, highlighting their role as promising targets for T-ALL therapy. KEY POINTSO_LImiR-15b/16-2 overexpression impairs the proliferation of human thymic progenitors leading to defective T-cell production. C_LIO_LImiR-15b/16-2 represses BCL-2 and CYCLIN D3 expression and impairs tumor progression in human T-ALL, revealing its role as tumor suppressor. C_LI

immunology↗

bioRxiv2025

Regulation of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) proliferation by Epithelial Growth Factor Like-7 (EGFL7)

Understanding the pathways regulating normal and malignant hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) biology is important for improving outcomes for patients with hematologic disorders. Epithelial Growth Factor Like-7 (EGFL7) is [~]30 kDa secreted protein that is highly expressed in adult HSCs. Using Egfl7 genetic knock-out (Egfl7 KO) mice and recombinant EGFL7 (rEGFL7) protein, we examined the role of Egfl7 in regulating normal hematopoiesis. We found that Egfl7 KO mice had decreases in overall BM cellularity resulting in significant reduction in the number of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), which was due to dysregulation of normal cell-cycle progression along with a corresponding increase in quiescence. rEGFL7 treatment rescued our observed hematopoietic defects of Egfl7 KO mice and enhanced HSC expansion after genotoxic stress such as 5-FU and irradiation. Furthermore, treatment of WT mice with recombinant EGFL7 (rEGFL7) protein expands functional HSCs evidenced by an increase in transplantation potential. Overall, our data demonstrates a role for EGFL7 in HSC expansion and survival and represents a potential strategy for improving transplant engraftment or recovering bone marrow function after stress.

cell biology↗

bioRxiv2024

circPCMTD1: A protein-coding circular RNA that regulates DNA damage response in BCR/ABL-positive leukemias

Circular RNAs are a novel class of RNA transcripts, which regulate important cellular functions in health and disease. Herein, we report on the functional relevance of the circPCMTD1 transcript in acute leukemias. In screening experiments, we found that circPCMTD1 depletion strongly inhibited the proliferative capacity of leukemic cells with BCR-ABL translocations. Mass cytometry experiments identified the aberrant activation of the DNA damage response as an early downstream event of circPCMTD1 depletion. In in vivo experiments, circPCMTD1 targeting prolonged the survival of mice engrafted with leukemic blasts harboring the Philadelphia chromosome. Mechanistically, we found that circPCMTD1 was enriched in the cytoplasm and associated with the ribosomes of the leukemic cells. We detected a cryptic open reading frame within the circPCMTD1 sequence and found that circPCMTD1 could generate a peptide product. The circPCMTD1-derived peptide interacted with proteins of the BTR complex and enhanced BTR complex formation, thereby increasing tolerance to genotoxic stress.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2024

miR-155 expression and function in leukemic stem cells

It has been reported that elevated levels of miR-155 have been reported in patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) bearing FLT3-ITD mutations and is independent of FLT3-ITD signaling. However, it is unclear how miR-155 is expressed in leukemic stem cells (LCS) and whether miR-155 has any role regulating LSC functions. In this manuscript, we defined the expression of miR-155 in clearly defined LCSs population and showed that miR-155 is regulating self-renewal and quiescence of LSCs.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2023

Cellular taxonomy of the preleukemic bone marrow niche of acute myeloid leukemia

Mutations in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) can remain dormant within the bone marrow (BM) for decades before leukemia onset. Understanding the mechanisms by which these mutant clones eventually slead to full blown leukemia is of critical importance to develop strategies to eliminate these clones before they achieve their full leukemogenic potential. Recent data suggest that leukemic stem cells (LSCs) induce alterations within BM microenvironment (BMM) favoring LSC growth over normal HSCs. However, the cross talk between preleukemic stem cells (pLSC) and BMM is not completely understood. We hypothesize that pLSC induces critical changes within the BMM that are critical for leukemogenesis. To address this question, we are using our previously developed murine model of AML that highly recapitulates the human disease, develops AML sporadically with a preleukemic phase in which mice display normal white blood counts (WBCs) and absence of blasts in the BM. Thus, this is an excellent model to evaluate changes in the BMM that occurs during progression into AML. Using this model we performed single cell RNA-sequencing on cells from the BMM compared to wild-type (WT) controls. Overall, we defined the transcriptional profiles of pre-leukemic BMM cells and observed decreased percentages of normal BMM cells such as LepR+ mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), known to regulate normal HSC function. Concomitantly, we found increases in CD55+ fibroblasts and NG2+ pericytes, that might play a more important role in regulation of pre-LSCs. Preleukemic CD55+ fibroblasts had a higher proliferation rate and showed significant down-regulation of several collagen genes known for regulating extra cellular matrix (ECM) including: Col1a1, Col1a2, Col3a1, Col4a1, and Col6a1, suggesting that ECM remodeling occurs in the early stages of leukemogenesis. Importantly, co-culture assays found that pre-leukemic CD55+ BM fibroblasts expanded pre-LSCs significantly over normal HSCs. In conclusion, we have identified distinct changes in the preleukemic BMM and identified a novel CD55+ fibroblast population that is expanded in preleukemic BMM that promote the fitness of pre-LSCs over normal HSCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCEWe have identified changes in the BMM landscape that define a preleukemic BM niche which includes the expansion of a novel CD55+ fibroblast population. These data suggest that a distinct preleukemic BM niche exists and preferentially supports LSC survival and expansion over normal HSCs to promote leukemogenesis.

cancer biology↗

bioRxiv2019

The 14q32.31 DLK1-DIO3 MIR300 tumor suppressor promotes leukemogenesis by inducing cancer stem cell quiescence and inhibiting NK cell anti-cancer immunity.

Drug-resistance of tumor-initiating cells, impaired NK cell immune-response, PP2A loss-of-function and aberrant miRNA expression are cancer features resulting from microenvironmental- and tumor-specific signals. Here we report that genomic-imprinted MIR300 is a cell context-independent dual function tumor suppressor which is upregulated in quiescent leukemic stem (LSC) and NK cells by microenvironmental signals to induce quiescence and impair immune-response, respectively, but inhibited in CML and AML proliferating blasts to prevent PP2A-induced apoptosis. MIR300 anti-proliferative and PP2A-activating functions are differentially activated through dose-dependent CCND2/CDK6 and SET inhibition, respectively. LSCs escape PP2A-mediated apoptosis through TUG1 lncRNA that uncouples and limits MIR300 functions to cytostasis by regulating unbound-MIR300 levels. Halting MIR300 homeostasis restores NK cell activity and suppresses leukemic but not normal hematopoiesis by eradicating nearly all LSCs. Thus, MIR300 tumor suppressor activity is essential and therapeutically important for LSC-driven leukemias.

cancer biology↗